Kreek Mary Jeanne, Schlussman Stefan D, Bart Gavin, Laforge K Steven, Butelman Eduardo R
Laboratory of the Biology of the Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, Box 171, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Neuropharmacology. 2004;47 Suppl 1:324-44. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2004.07.024.
The roots of the Laboratory of the Biology of the Addictive Diseases are in the development of methadone maintenance for the treatment of opiate addiction. Methadone maintenance therapy continues to be one of the major effective forms of addiction pharmacotherapy and underscores the importance of biological factors in the physiology and treatment of the addictive diseases. Recent work in the Laboratory has focused on the neurobiological, neurochemical, neuroendocrine and behavioral aspects of addictive diseases (principally cocaine and the opiate addictions), using an interdisciplinary approach. The models we have focused on range from in vitro molecular biology and neuroscience, to in vivo animal models, to experiments in normal human populations and patients with specific addictive diseases, and most recently to the human molecular genetics of different addictive diseases. Two long-term corollary hypotheses have guided the Laboratory's work: (1) That the endogenous opioid peptide/receptor systems play a central role in the addictive states and therefore in their treatment. (2) That atypical responsivity to stressors (e.g., in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis) plays a role in vulnerability and relapse to specific addictive diseases. This atypical responsivity may be drug-induced, environmentally acquired, and/or due to genetic variation.
成瘾性疾病生物学实验室的根源在于美沙酮维持疗法的发展，用于治疗阿片类药物成瘾。美沙酮维持疗法仍然是成瘾药物治疗的主要有效形式之一，并突出了生物学因素在成瘾性疾病生理学和治疗中的重要性。该实验室最近的工作采用跨学科方法，聚焦于成瘾性疾病（主要是可卡因和阿片类药物成瘾）的神经生物学、神经化学、神经内分泌和行为方面。我们关注的模型范围从体外分子生物学和神经科学，到体内动物模型，再到正常人群和特定成瘾性疾病患者的实验，以及最近对不同成瘾性疾病的人类分子遗传学研究。两个长期的相关假设指导着该实验室的工作：（1）内源性阿片肽/受体系统在成瘾状态及其治疗中起核心作用。（2）对应激源的非典型反应性（例如下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺轴）在特定成瘾性疾病的易感性和复发中起作用。这种非典型反应性可能是药物诱导的、环境获得的和/或由于基因变异。
