Cao J, Bai X, Zhao Y, Liu J, Zhou D, Fang S, Jia M, Wu J
Tea and Health Research Laboratory, Hunan Medical University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Dec;104(12):1340-3. doi: 10.1289/ehp.961041340.
Brick tea-drinking fluorosis is an unusual environmental problem. As a result of an investigation of tea-drinking habits, total fluoride intakes, dental fluorosis, and skeletal fluorosis, this disease has been found in the Sichuan Province of China in Tibetans with a long history of drinking brick tea. The dental fluorosis investigation of 375 Tibetan children (213 males, 162 females) and 161 Han children (86 males, 75 females), 8-15 years of age, was carried out in Daofu County, Sichuan Province. According to the standard of the Chinese Health Ministry, a skeletal fluorosis survey of 658 Tibetans (264 males, 394 females) and 41 Hans (20 males, 11 females), all over 16 years old, was performed. The total fluoride intake and fluorosis were determined from a question--calculation method in all participants. The morbidities of dental fluorosis in Tibetan and Han children are 51.2% and 11.05%, respectively, and the indexes of dental fluorosis are 1.33 and 0.17 (chi 2 = 75.7, p < 0.01) respectively. The morbidity of skeletal fluorosis is 32.83% for Tibetan children and zero for the Han children. The fluoride intakes of Tibetan children and adults were 5.49 mg/person/day and 10.43 mg/person/day, respectively, in this area. Of total everyday fluoride intake, 94.2% by children and 94.4% by adults was from brick tea and zanba (r = 0.99).
饮用砖茶型氟中毒是一个特殊的环境问题。通过对饮茶习惯、总氟摄入量、氟斑牙和氟骨症的调查，在中国四川省有长期饮用砖茶历史的藏族人群中发现了这种疾病。对四川省道孚县375名8至15岁藏族儿童（男213名，女162名）和161名汉族儿童（男86名，女75名）进行了氟斑牙调查。按照中国卫生部标准，对658名16岁以上藏族人（男264名，女394名）和41名汉族人（男20名，女11名）进行了氟骨症调查。通过询问 - 计算方法确定了所有参与者的总氟摄入量和氟中毒情况。藏族和汉族儿童的氟斑牙发病率分别为51.2%和11.05%，氟斑牙指数分别为1.33和0.17（χ2 = 75.7，p < 0.01）。藏族儿童氟骨症发病率为32.83%，汉族儿童为零。该地区藏族儿童和成人的氟摄入量分别为5.49毫克/人/天和10.43毫克/人/天。儿童每日总氟摄入量的94.2%和成人的94.4%来自砖茶和糌粑（r = 0.99）。
