Gallelli G, Panatto D, Perdelli F, Pellegrino C
Instituto di Igiene e Medicina Preventiva, Universitá di Genova, Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 1997 Mar 20;196(2):163-70. doi: 10.1016/s0048-9697(96)05417-4.
The activity of 137Cs, 134Cs and 40K in tissues from fish, molluse and shellfish of the Ligurian sea was measured during 1987-1988. The mean annual concentrations in 1987 were 5.92 +/- 4.1 Bq/kg (wet tissue) for 137Cs and 2.7 +/- 1.5 Bq/kg for 134Cs and 2.46 +/- 1.82 and 0.33 +/- 0.57 Bq/kg respectively in 1988. The mean value of 40K activity was 138.6 +/- 22.1 Bq/kg. Contamination was significantly higher in the littoral area up to 1000 m from the coast (8.39 +/- 7.6 and 1.74 +/- 2.08 Bq/kg respectively versus 2.91 +/- 1.87 and 0.58 +/- 0.59 Bq/kg respectively in the open sea). The common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) had the highest radioactivity values and could be utilized as an indicator of radioactivity pollution. There were no significant differences regarding the trophic level, the seafood phylum, or the east and west Ligurian sea areas. Long-term reduction in the sea habitat was estimated at about 200 days for 137Cs and 110 days for 134Cs, reflecting differences in the physical half-life of these radionuclides. These values were lower than those found in terrestrial foodstuff and could have reflected dilution of the contaminants in the open sea. The effective dose equivalent for the Ligurian population of radiocesium originating from seafood was estimated at 1.3 microSv in 1987 and 0.5 microSv in 1988. These va ues represent 0.8 and 0.3% respectively of the annual dose (180 microSv/year) due to 40K intake with the diet.
1987 - 1988年期间，对利古里亚海鱼类、软体动物和贝类组织中的137Cs、134Cs和40K活度进行了测量。1987年137Cs的年平均浓度为5.92±4.1 Bq/kg（湿组织），134Cs为2.7±1.5 Bq/kg，1988年40K活度分别为2.46±1.82 Bq/kg和0.33±0.57 Bq/kg。40K活度的平均值为138.6±22.1 Bq/kg。距离海岸1000米以内的沿海区域污染明显更高（137Cs和134Cs分别为8.39±7.6和1.74±2.08 Bq/kg，而公海分别为2.91±1.87和0.58±0.59 Bq/kg）。普通章鱼（Octopus vulgaris）的放射性值最高，可作为放射性污染的指示生物。在营养级、海鲜门类或利古里亚海东西区域方面没有显著差异。据估计，137Cs在海洋栖息地的长期减少时间约为200天，134Cs为110天，这反映了这些放射性核素物理半衰期的差异。这些值低于陆地食品中的值，可能反映了公海中污染物的稀释情况。1987年，利古里亚人群因食用海鲜摄入放射性铯的有效剂量当量估计为1.3微希沃特，1988年为0.5微希沃特。这些值分别占因饮食摄入40K导致的年剂量（180微希沃特/年）的0.8%和0.3%。
