Muramatsu Y, Yoshida S, Sumiya M
National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan.
Sci Total Environ. 1991 Jun;105:29-39. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(91)90327-b.
Concentrations of 137Cs, 134Cs and 40K in about 60 mushroom samples (fruit bodies of basidiomycetes) belonging to 25 species collected in Japan have been studied. The levels of 137Cs varied very widely, ranging from less than 3 to 1520 Bq kg-1 (dry wt), while those of 40K were relatively constant. Concentrations of 137Cs in common edible mushrooms of Japan such as Lentinus edodes, Flammulina velutipes, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pholiota nameko were low (normally less than 50 Bq kg-1, dry wt). Concentrations of 134Cs in many samples were below the limit of detection (usually less than 5 Bq kg-1, dry wt). The median concentrations of 137Cs and 40K were 41 (dry wt) and 1150 Bq kg-1 (dry wt), respectively. From the 137Cs/40K ratios it was found that cesium rather than potassium was selectively taken up from the soils by fungi such as Suillus granulatus and Lactarius hatsudake. The 134Cs/137Cs ratios in mushrooms are related to the depth of the mycelium in the soil. The effective dose equivalent due to the dietary intake of radiocesium through mushrooms was estimated to be only 1.6 x 10(-7) Sv.
对在日本采集的属于25个物种的约60份蘑菇样本（担子菌子实体）中的137铯、134铯和40钾浓度进行了研究。137铯的含量变化非常大，范围从小于3到1520贝克勒尔/千克（干重），而40钾的含量相对恒定。日本常见食用蘑菇如香菇、金针菇、平菇和滑子菇中的137铯浓度较低（通常小于50贝克勒尔/千克，干重）。许多样本中的134铯浓度低于检测限（通常小于5贝克勒尔/千克，干重）。137铯和40钾的中位浓度分别为41（干重）和1150贝克勒尔/千克（干重）。从137铯/40钾比值发现，颗粒牛肝菌和红汁乳菇等真菌从土壤中选择性吸收的是铯而非钾。蘑菇中的134铯/137铯比值与土壤中菌丝体的深度有关。通过食用蘑菇摄入放射性铯所致的有效剂量当量估计仅为1.6×10⁻⁷希沃特。
