Buhk H, Muthny F A
Institut für Medizinische Psychologie der Universität, Münster.
Hautarzt. 1997 Jan;48(1):5-11. doi: 10.1007/s001050050539.
Results of psychophysiological, psychoendocrinological, and psychoneuroimmunological research on the skin in patients with atopic dermatitis were evaluated. 11 investigations were selected and analysed with respect to both design and results. In 6 instances, healthy or ill control groups were included, rarely did the sample size exceed 30. With respect to physiology, blood pressure, heart rate and EDA were most commonly assessed; with respect to immunology, number of leucocytes and differential blood count and with respect to psychology, anxiety, neuroticism and stress perception. The results involving stress induction, itching induction and the relationship of personality and skin parameters were not consistent. The best established relationship is that between skin reactivity (flare, wheal size and pruritus) on the one hand and cognitive appraisal of stress-stimuli and the experimental situation on the other hand. Psychoendocrinological and even more psychoimmunological indicators of the stress of reaction-unlike psychophysiological indicators-were correlated with the skin response. Only half of the studies found an elevated physiological stress reaction in patients with atopic dermatitis.
对特应性皮炎患者皮肤的心理生理学、心理内分泌学和心理神经免疫学研究结果进行了评估。选择了11项研究，并从设计和结果两方面进行了分析。其中6项研究纳入了健康或患病对照组，样本量很少超过30。在生理学方面，最常评估血压、心率和皮肤电活动；在免疫学方面，评估白细胞数量和血常规分类；在心理学方面，评估焦虑、神经质和压力感知。涉及压力诱导、瘙痒诱导以及人格与皮肤参数关系的结果并不一致。最明确的关系是一方面皮肤反应性（红斑、风团大小和瘙痒）与另一方面对压力刺激和实验情境的认知评估之间的关系。与心理生理指标不同，压力反应的心理内分泌学甚至更多的心理免疫学指标与皮肤反应相关。只有一半的研究发现特应性皮炎患者存在生理应激反应升高的情况。
