Fedoroff I C, Polivy J, Herman C P
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Canada.
Appetite. 1997 Feb;28(1):33-47. doi: 10.1006/appe.1996.0057.
This study investigated the effect of pre-exposure to two types of food cues (olfactory and cognitive) on food intake by restrained and unrestrained eaters. Subjects were exposed to either no cue, an olfactory cue, a cognitive cue or a combination of the two types of food cues for ten minutes prior to eating. Restrained eaters ate significantly more than did unrestrained eaters after exposure to the food cues. There was no difference in food intake when there was no pre-exposure to the cues. Although baseline subjective ratings were equivalent for both groups of subjects, after cue pre-exposure, restrained subjects, in keeping with their increased consumption, indicated a significantly greater craving, liking, and desire to eat the cued food (pizza) than did the unrestrained subjects. These findings suggest that restrained eaters are more sensitive and reactive to food cues than are unrestrained eaters. The food cues appeared to generate an appetitive urge to eat in restrained eaters.
本研究调查了预先接触两种类型的食物线索（嗅觉线索和认知线索）对节食者和非节食者食物摄入量的影响。在进食前，让受试者接触无线索、嗅觉线索、认知线索或两种食物线索的组合，持续10分钟。接触食物线索后，节食者的进食量显著多于非节食者。在没有预先接触线索时，食物摄入量没有差异。尽管两组受试者的基线主观评分相当，但在预先接触线索后，与摄入量增加一致，节食受试者表示对提示食物（披萨）的渴望、喜爱和进食欲望明显高于非节食受试者。这些发现表明，节食者比非节食者对食物线索更敏感、反应更强烈。食物线索似乎在节食者中产生了进食的食欲冲动。
