Direct radioimmunoassay of estradiol in serum extracts.

The feasibility of direct radioimmunoassay of unconjugated estradiol in dried serum extracts in the assessment of ovarian function in the regulation of the menstrual cycle has been investigated. Using an antiserum to an estradiol-6-conjugate, assay reliability was evaluated and the procedure standardized through a series of tests aimed at assessing accuracy, sensitivity, and precision. These included multiple titration with competing steroids, the definition of blank effects from solvent and sample, the assay both of samples to which known amounts of estradiol had been added and of serially diluted samples, and clinical validation using as a reference samples related to well-defined physiological situations. The variability of replicate estimates and the repeatability of the calibration curve were evaluated to obtain information on assay precision and sensitivity. The analytical performances proved to be perfectly adequate for the clinical purposes for which the assay was intended, in terms both of reliability of results and of methodologic practicability.