Petrill S A, Saudino K, Cherny S S, Emde R N, Hewitt J K, Fulker D W, Plomin R
Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, London.
Dev Psychol. 1997 May;33(3):544-8. doi: 10.1037//0012-1649.33.3.544.
The genetic and environmental etiology of low general cognitive ability (g) during infancy and early childhood has not previously been investigated. The current study examined the genetic etiology of low cognitive ability at 14, 20, 24, and 36 months with twins from the MacArthur Longitudinal Twin Study. Low g groups were formed from the lowest 10th percentile at each age. Univariate probandwise concordance rates and DeFries-Fulker (J. C. DeFries & D. W. Fulker, 1985, 1988) multiple regression techniques suggest genetic etiology in low general cognitive ability groups. The stability of low general cognitive ability over time also appears to be primarily due to genetic factors. Although replication is necessary, these results suggest that the genetic etiology of low g during infancy and early childhood is at least as great as the heritability of g in the unselected population.
婴儿期和幼儿期一般认知能力（g）较低的遗传和环境病因此前尚未得到研究。本研究利用麦克阿瑟双生子纵向研究中的双胞胎，对14、20、24和36个月大时认知能力较低的遗传病因进行了考察。低g组由各年龄组中处于最低第10百分位的个体组成。单变量先证者一致率和德弗里斯-富尔克（J.C.德弗里斯和D.W.富尔克，1985年，1988年）多元回归技术表明，一般认知能力较低的群体存在遗传病因。一般认知能力随时间的稳定性似乎也主要归因于遗传因素。尽管有必要进行重复验证，但这些结果表明，婴儿期和幼儿期低g的遗传病因至少与未经过筛选人群中g的遗传率一样高。
