Kampelmacher M J, Deenstra M, van Kesteren R G, Melissant C F, Douze J M, Lammers J W
Centre for Home Mechanical Ventilation, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Eur Respir J. 1997 Apr;10(4):828-33.
Transtracheal oxygen therapy (TTOT) improves the efficiency of oxygen delivery and overcomes the discomfort associated with nasal oxygen delivery in patients on long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT). In addition, TTOT improves compliance and quality of life, and may reduce morbidity. Experience with TTOT in Europe is, however, scarce and the safety of TTOT has not yet been completely determined. These were reasons for testing the acceptance, efficacy and safety of TTOT. Patients were selected on the basis of the accepted indications and contraindications for TTOT. In 75 patients (48 males and 27 females) the mean follow-up time was 16 (range 0.5-51.5) months. Compared to nasal cannulae, TTOT caused a reduction in the oxygen flow rate of 47 (33-60)% at rest and a significant increase in the number of hours that oxygen was used. All patients on TTOT used oxygen for at least 20 h x day(-1). Most patients saw the procedure as a minor intervention. It was usually performed on an out-patient basis. In 34 patients, 51 mainly minor complications were seen, and most of these occurred in the first 10 patients. After precautions had been taken, complications occurred less frequently. No patient needed to be hospitalized because of a complication. TTOT had to be stopped in two patients; nevertheless, all patients preferred TTOT to the nasal cannulae. We conclude that transtracheal oxygen therapy is an effective and safe alternative to nasal oxygen administration, provided that it is restricted to a well-defined group of patients and applied by a motivated and experienced group of physicians.
经气管给氧疗法（TTOT）可提高氧输送效率，并克服长期氧疗（LTOT）患者经鼻给氧带来的不适。此外，TTOT可提高依从性和生活质量，并可能降低发病率。然而，欧洲关于TTOT的经验较少，其安全性尚未完全确定。这些就是对TTOT的可接受性、有效性和安全性进行测试的原因。根据公认的TTOT适应症和禁忌症选择患者。75例患者（48例男性和27例女性）的平均随访时间为16（范围0.5 - 51.5）个月。与鼻导管相比，TTOT使静息时的氧流速降低了47（33 - 60）%，且吸氧时间显著增加。所有接受TTOT的患者每天至少吸氧20小时。大多数患者认为该操作是一种小干预。它通常在门诊进行。在34例患者中，共出现51次主要为轻微的并发症，其中大多数发生在前10例患者中。采取预防措施后，并发症发生频率降低。没有患者因并发症需要住院治疗。有2例患者不得不停止TTOT；然而，所有患者都更喜欢TTOT而非鼻导管。我们得出结论，经气管给氧疗法是经鼻给氧的一种有效且安全的替代方法，前提是将其限制在明确界定的患者群体中，并由积极主动且经验丰富的医生团队进行操作。
