Isometsä E, Heikkinen M, Henriksson M, Marttunen M, Aro H, Lönnqvist J
Department of Mental Health, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1997 Apr;95(4):297-305. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1997.tb09635.x.
As part of a nation-wide psychological autopsy we examined the differences in DSM-III-R mental disorders, recent life events and other characteristics between urban (n = 143) and rural (n = 85) completed suicides in a random sample of 229 cases from the National Suicide Prevention Project in Finland for the period 1987-1988. Psychoactive substance use disorders (48% vs. 34%), cluster B personality disorders (24% vs. 9%) and psychiatric comorbidity (66% vs. 42%) were found more commonly among urban than rural suicides. Urban suicides were also more often reported to be preceded by a recent separation (25% vs. 8%), whereas rural suicide victims tended to have lacked a close companion of the opposite sex (36% vs. 18%) and to have had physical disorders (56% vs. 40%). Overall, urban and rural suicides may vary with regard to the prevalence of some mental disorders, their comorbidity, and physical disorders, as well as the preceding life situation. This variation may also imply the need for differences in strategies for suicide prevention in each setting.
作为一项全国性心理解剖研究的一部分，我们从芬兰国家预防自杀项目1987 - 1988年期间的229例案例随机样本中，研究了城市（n = 143）和农村（n = 85）自杀者在DSM - III - R精神障碍、近期生活事件及其他特征方面的差异。发现精神活性物质使用障碍（48%对34%）、B类人格障碍（24%对9%）和精神疾病共病（66%对42%）在城市自杀者中比农村自杀者中更为常见。城市自杀者在近期分居后自杀的情况也更为常见（25%对8%），而农村自杀受害者往往缺乏异性密友（36%对18%）且患有躯体疾病（56%对40%）。总体而言，城市和农村自杀者在某些精神障碍的患病率、共病情况、躯体疾病以及自杀前的生活状况方面可能存在差异。这种差异也可能意味着在每种环境下预防自杀的策略需要有所不同。
