Isometsä E T, Henriksson M M, Heikkinen M E, Aro H M, Marttunen M J, Kuoppasalmi K I, Lönnqvist J K
Department of Mental Health, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Am J Psychiatry. 1996 May;153(5):667-73. doi: 10.1176/ajp.153.5.667.
There have been few psychological autopsy studies of suicide among individuals with personality disorders. The possible specificity of characteristics of suicide among such individuals has been little investigated.
A random sample of 229 subjects who committed suicide, representing all suicide victims in Finland within a 12-month period, were comprehensively examined by using the psychological autopsy method and were diagnosed according to DSM-III-R criteria. Within this random sample the authors investigated all subjects with axis II personality disorders (N = 67) and divided them into clusters B (N = 43), C (N = 23), and A (N = 1). Individuals with clusters B and C personality disorders were separately compared with sex- and age-matched suicide victims without personality disorder, in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, comorbid axis I and III syndromes, treatment histories, previous suicide attempts, communication of suicide intent, and suicide methods.
All suicide victims with a personality disorder received at least one axis I diagnosis. In 95% this included a depressive syndrome, a psychoactive substance use disorder, or both. Individuals with cluster B personality disorders were more likely than comparison subjects to have psychoactive substance use disorders (79% versus 40%) and previous nonfatal suicide attempts (70% versus 37%) and were less likely to have axis III physical disorders (29% versus 50%). Subjects with cluster C personality disorders were not found to differ from the control subjects in any of the variables examined.
Suicide victims with personality disorders were almost always found to have had current depressive syndromes, psychoactive substance use disorders, or both. Suicide victims with cluster B personality disorders differed from other suicide victims in several characteristics, while those with cluster C personality disorders did not.
针对患有精神障碍的个体进行自杀方面的心理解剖研究较少。此类个体自杀特征的可能特异性鲜有研究。
采用心理解剖方法对229名自杀者的随机样本进行全面检查，这些样本代表了芬兰12个月内所有的自杀受害者，并根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订版（DSM-III-R）标准进行诊断。在这个随机样本中，作者调查了所有患有轴II精神障碍的受试者（N = 67），并将他们分为B组（N = 43）、C组（N = 23）和A组（N = 1）。分别将患有B组和C组精神障碍的个体与性别和年龄匹配的无精神障碍自杀受害者在社会人口学特征、共病的轴I和轴III综合征、治疗史、既往自杀未遂情况、自杀意图的传达以及自杀方式等方面进行比较。
所有患有精神障碍的自杀受害者至少有一项轴I诊断。其中95%包括抑郁综合征、精神活性物质使用障碍或两者皆有。患有B组精神障碍的个体比对照受试者更有可能患有精神活性物质使用障碍（79%对40%）和既往非致命性自杀未遂（70%对37%），而患有轴III躯体疾病的可能性较小（29%对50%）。未发现患有C组精神障碍的受试者在任何所检查的变量上与对照受试者存在差异。
患有精神障碍的自杀受害者几乎总是被发现目前患有抑郁综合征、精神活性物质使用障碍或两者皆有。患有B组精神障碍的自杀受害者在几个特征上与其他自杀受害者不同，而患有C组精神障碍的自杀受害者则没有。
