Olson D K, Kochevar L, McGovern P
Division of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
AAOHN J. 1997 Apr;45(4):161-9.
Role, often designated by a given title, e.g., manager, has been one of the most common means of defining occupational health nursing practice. A function based model provides an opportunity to reframe the occupational health nurse as a member of the management team. This descriptive study characterized the functions of a random sample (40%) of members of the American Association of Occupational Health Nurses from eight Midwestern states (463) in 1994. With a 78% response rate, the most frequently performed function for all respondents was "evaluate status of employees returning to work after absence" (68%). The relative frequencies for functions performed by the associates degree nurses were very similar to those for diploma nurses (r = .889 based on a perfect relationship value of 1). Subjects with baccalaureates in nursing performed more educational programming than subjects with non-nursing baccalaureates who performed more frequently in a policy area. Type of masters preparation represented different functional activities. The department to which the respondent reported affected functions. Reviewing function by salary level revealed a linear relationship with certain functions by frequency. To facilitate the investigation of the role construct based on functions, the researchers conducted a principle components analysis of the data. Four principle components were found representing groups of functions that tended to be performed by the same sets of respondents. The functions in each component tended to cluster around common skills as defined by Hersey (1988).
角色通常由特定的头衔指定，例如经理，一直是定义职业健康护理实践的最常见方式之一。基于功能的模型为将职业健康护士重新定位为管理团队成员提供了契机。这项描述性研究对1994年来自中西部八个州（共463名）的美国职业健康护士协会成员的一个随机样本（40%）的功能进行了描述。回复率为78%，所有受访者最常执行的功能是“评估缺勤后返回工作岗位的员工的状况”（68%）。副学士学位护士执行的功能的相对频率与文凭护士的非常相似（基于完美关系值1，r = 0.889）。拥有护理学学士学位的受试者比拥有非护理学学士学位且在政策领域更频繁执行功能的受试者进行了更多的教育规划。硕士学位的类型代表了不同的功能活动。受访者所属的部门影响了功能。按薪资水平审查功能发现，某些功能的频率与薪资水平呈线性关系。为便于基于功能对角色结构进行调查，研究人员对数据进行了主成分分析。发现了四个主成分，代表了倾向于由同一组受访者执行的功能组。每个成分中的功能倾向于围绕赫西（1988年）定义的共同技能聚类。
