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上肢骨科问题。评估与诊断。

Orthopedic problems of the upper extremities. Assessment and diagnosis.

作者信息

Winzeler S, Rosenstein B D

机构信息

CIBA Vision Health Services, Duluth, GA, USA.

出版信息

AAOHN J. 1997 Apr;45(4):188-200; quiz 201-3.

PMID:9155269
Abstract
  1. Cumulative trauma or repetitive motion disorders are among the most commonly reported occupational illness, and mainly affect the neck and upper extremities. 2. The etiology of cumulative trauma disorders includes nerve compression secondary to inflammation and tendinitis secondary to microtearing at tendon insertions and/or friction irritation of the tendons. 3. Work postures, such as forward flexed position of head, neck, and shoulders; static loading of muscles; as well as repetitive motions can cause cumulative trauma disorders or aggravate pre-existing problems. 4. The occupational health nurse is in a unique position to encourage early reporting of these problems so that conservative treatment can be initiated, identify ergonomic issues at the worksite and institute change, and work closely with the orthopedist to manage clients effectively with clear communication and collaboration.
摘要
  1. 累积性创伤或重复性运动障碍是报告最为常见的职业病之一,主要影响颈部和上肢。2. 累积性创伤障碍的病因包括炎症继发的神经受压、肌腱附着处微撕裂继发的肌腱炎和/或肌腱的摩擦刺激。3. 工作姿势,如头部、颈部和肩部的前屈姿势;肌肉的静态负荷;以及重复性动作,都可能导致累积性创伤障碍或加重已有的问题。4. 职业健康护士处于一个独特的位置,能够鼓励早期报告这些问题,以便开始保守治疗,识别工作场所的人体工程学问题并进行改进,以及与骨科医生密切合作,通过清晰的沟通与协作有效地管理患者。

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