Englert Y, Rodesch C, Laruelle C, Govoerts I
Clinique de Fertilité, Départment de Gynécologie, Obstétrique, Höpital Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgique.
Contracept Fertil Sex. 1997 Mar;25(3):251-7.
This paper analyses the reasons that brings couples to apprehend very differently the oocyte and sperm donation and highlights the difficulty of donor recruitment in those programs. The various types of donors (occasional, relational, IVF patient and professional) are described with their motivations, resistances, advantages and disadvantages. The contradictory consequences between free or paid donation, the particular risks of eggs donation (in comparison to sperm donation) for the donor as for the recipient are also highlighted. The problem of anonymity is also analysed in ethical terms but also in terms of technical efficacy: it is shown that anonymity, by authorizing sharing oocytes between recipients increases treatment efficacy by avoiding wasting this rare and precious resource of oocytes offered as a donation.
本文分析了导致夫妻对卵子和精子捐赠有截然不同理解的原因，并强调了这些项目中捐赠者招募的困难。描述了不同类型的捐赠者（偶尔捐赠者、有亲属关系的捐赠者、试管婴儿患者和专业捐赠者）及其动机、阻力、优点和缺点。还强调了无偿或有偿捐赠之间的矛盾后果，以及卵子捐赠（与精子捐赠相比）对捐赠者和接受者的特殊风险。从伦理角度以及技术效果角度分析了匿名问题：结果表明，匿名通过允许在接受者之间共享卵子，避免了这种作为捐赠提供的稀有而珍贵的卵子资源的浪费，从而提高了治疗效果。
