Westlander G, Janson P O, Tägnfors U, Bergh C
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg University, Sweden.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1998 Mar;77(3):317-21.
To evaluate attitudes of Swedish women towards oocyte donation and oocyte research.
Five different groups of women, with approximately 50 patients in each, were asked anonymously about their attitudes to legislation, tentative roles as donors or recipients, anonymity, suitable donors or recipients, research on fetuses and cadavers as a source of oocytes, age limits and economic aspects. The groups were: 1. Women undergoing IVF treatment (IVF). 2. Infertile women during work-up (INF). 3. Recently delivered women attending a maternity unit (MAT). 4. Women attending a family planning center applying for therapeutic abortion (FPC). 5. Women with Turner's syndrome (TUR).
More than 90% of women in all groups investigated advocated amendment of the law in order to permit oocyte donation. The women of infertile groups were more in favor of donating oocytes compared to women of fertile groups (p<0.05). A great majority would prefer anonymity both if they were donors and if they were recipients. If no anonymity was guaranteed, the acceptance of both the donor and recipient groups decreased but more than half of the women in all groups would still donate/accept oocytes. There was a significant difference in attitude towards non-anonymous oocyte donation, with the highest acceptance among Turner patients and the lowest among IVF patients (p<0.01). A majority in all groups were more motivated to donate/accept oocytes from a close relative, with the exception of Turner patients (p<0.01). All groups had a negative attitude to the use of donated fetuses and cadavers as sources of oocytes. IVF patients, close relatives and volunteers were all regarded as suitable donors by a majority of women in all groups. Women of fertile age, with ovarian failure or a genetic disorder, were accepted as recipients by all groups. Postmenopausal women were not accepted as recipients by a great majority in all groups. All groups preferred an age limit for recipients. More than 70% set the limit to the interval 40 to 45 years of age. A majority in all groups believed that donors should be paid to cover medication and loss of income. The recipients were expected, by a majority of women, to pay for some of the costs of the oocyte donation program.
A great majority wanted a change in the Swedish legislation to permit oocyte donation. All groups had a generous attitude to donation of oocytes although anonymity would be preferred. Ovarian dysfunction and genetic disorders among women of fertile age were regarded as major indications for oocyte donation. IVF patients, close relatives and volunteers were all regarded as acceptable donors.
评估瑞典女性对卵母细胞捐赠及卵母细胞研究的态度。
对五组不同的女性进行了匿名调查，每组约50名患者，询问她们对立法、作为捐赠者或接受者的暂定角色、匿名性、合适的捐赠者或接受者、将胎儿和尸体作为卵母细胞来源的研究、年龄限制及经济方面的态度。这五组分别是：1. 接受体外受精（IVF）治疗的女性（IVF组）。2. 正在进行检查的不孕女性（INF组）。3. 在产科病房就诊的刚分娩女性（MAT组）。4. 在计划生育中心申请治疗性流产的女性（FPC组）。5. 患有特纳综合征的女性（TUR组）。
所有被调查组中超过90%的女性主张修改法律以允许卵母细胞捐赠。与可育组女性相比，不孕组女性更倾向于捐赠卵母细胞（p<0.05）。绝大多数女性无论作为捐赠者还是接受者都希望保持匿名。如果不能保证匿名，捐赠者组和接受者组的接受度都会降低，但所有组中仍有超过一半的女性会捐赠/接受卵母细胞。对于非匿名卵母细胞捐赠的态度存在显著差异，特纳综合征患者的接受度最高，体外受精患者的接受度最低（p<0.01）。除特纳综合征患者外（p<0.01），所有组中的大多数人更愿意从近亲处捐赠/接受卵母细胞。所有组对将捐赠的胎儿和尸体作为卵母细胞来源均持否定态度。所有组中的大多数女性都认为体外受精患者、近亲及志愿者是合适的捐赠者。所有组都接受患有卵巢功能衰竭或遗传性疾病的育龄女性作为接受者。所有组中的绝大多数人不接受绝经后女性作为接受者。所有组都倾向于设定接受者的年龄限制。超过70%的人将年龄限制设定在40至45岁之间。所有组中的大多数人认为应该向捐赠者支付费用以支付药物费用和收入损失。大多数女性期望接受者支付卵母细胞捐赠项目的部分费用。
绝大多数人希望瑞典修改立法以允许卵母细胞捐赠。尽管希望保持匿名，但所有组对卵母细胞捐赠都持宽容态度。育龄女性的卵巢功能障碍和遗传性疾病被视为卵母细胞捐赠的主要指征。体外受精患者、近亲及志愿者都被视为可接受的捐赠者。
