Colom K, Fernández-Aranguiz A, Alonso R, Cisterna R
Department of Immunology Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Pharmacy, University of Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Microb Drug Resist. 1995 Winter;1(4):327-30. doi: 10.1089/mdr.1995.1.327.
During 1991-1995 a Spain collaborative study group surveyed the resistance to cefotaxime both in community as well as in hospital isolates of bacteria. The isolates tested during the study period of 5 years were 813, 875, 3631, 3184, and 3050 strains, respectively. Antimicrobial activity of cefotaxime was assayed by broth or agar microdilution, in accordance with criteria of the National Committee of Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). Cefotaxime resistance included 2.5% of all isolates: 2.6% Enterobacteriaceae, 1.7% Streptococcus pneumoniae, 0.5% Haemophilus influenzae, 0.0% Haemophilus spp., and 0.0% Moraxella catarrhalis. The overall incidence of resistance to cefotaxime decreased fro member of Enterobacteriaceae from 3.6% in 1991 to 2.5% in 1995. The incidence of resistance varied with the species and was highest in Enterobacter and in Citrobacter freundii.
1991年至1995年期间，一个西班牙协作研究小组调查了社区及医院分离出的细菌对头孢噻肟的耐药性。在为期5年的研究期间，所检测的分离菌株分别为813株、875株、3631株、3184株和3050株。根据美国国家临床实验室标准委员会（NCCLS）的标准，采用肉汤或琼脂微量稀释法测定头孢噻肟的抗菌活性。对头孢噻肟耐药的菌株占所有分离菌株的2.5%：肠杆菌科细菌中占2.6%，肺炎链球菌中占1.7%，流感嗜血杆菌中占0.5%，嗜血杆菌属中占0.0%，卡他莫拉菌中占0.0%。肠杆菌科细菌对头孢噻肟的总体耐药率从1991年的3.6%降至1995年的2.5%。耐药率因菌种而异，在阴沟肠杆菌和弗氏柠檬酸杆菌中最高。
