Krahn M M, Becker P R, Tilbury K L, Stein J E
Environmental Conservation Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98112-2097, USA.
Chemosphere. 1997 May;34(9-10):2109-21. doi: 10.1016/s0045-6535(97)00071-4.
Blubber samples from four Alaska seal species (bearded seal, Erignathus barbatus, harbor seal, Phoca vitulina, northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus, ringed seal, P. hispida) were collected for inclusion in the US National Biomonitoring Specimen Bank, as well as for immediate analysis as part of the contaminant monitoring component of the US National Marine Fisheries Service's Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program. The blubber samples were analyzed for organochlorine (OC) contaminants (e.g., PCB congeners, pesticides, DDTs). Results for bearded and ringed seals from the Alaska Arctic revealed low blubber concentrations of OC contaminants. Harbor seals from Prince William Sound. Gulf of Alaska, had somewhat higher blubber concentrations of OC contaminants. In contrast, northern fur seals sampled from the Pribilof Islands had blubber concentrations of certain OC contaminants that were about an order of magnitude higher than those found in the other seal species. Differences in contaminant concentrations among the Alaska seals may be explained by differences in feeding habits and migratory patterns, age or gender did not appear to account for the differences observed. The highest concentrations of OCs were found in harbor seals stranded along the northwestern US mainland, which is consistent with higher concentrations of anthropogenic contaminants being found in urban coastal areas than in more remote Arctic environments. The integration of real-time contaminant monitoring with specimen banking provides important baseline data that can be used to plan and manage banking activities. This includes identifying appropriate specimens that are useful in assessing temporal trends and increasing the utility of the banked samples in assessing chemical contaminant accumulation and relationships to biological effects.
采集了来自四种阿拉斯加海豹物种（髯海豹、北海狗、港海豹、海狗、环斑海豹）的脂肪样本，用于纳入美国国家生物监测标本库，同时作为美国国家海洋渔业局海洋哺乳动物健康与搁浅应对计划污染物监测部分的一部分进行即时分析。对脂肪样本进行了有机氯（OC）污染物（如多氯联苯同系物、农药、滴滴涕）分析。阿拉斯加北极地区的髯海豹和环斑海豹的脂肪样本中有机氯污染物浓度较低。阿拉斯加湾威廉王子湾的港海豹脂肪中的有机氯污染物浓度略高。相比之下，从普里比洛夫群岛采集的海狗脂肪中某些有机氯污染物的浓度比其他海豹物种高出约一个数量级。阿拉斯加海豹污染物浓度的差异可能是由于摄食习惯和洄游模式的不同造成的，年龄或性别似乎无法解释所观察到的差异。在美国大陆西北部搁浅的港海豹体内有机氯含量最高，这与城市沿海地区比更偏远的北极环境中发现的人为污染物浓度更高是一致的。将实时污染物监测与标本库相结合可提供重要的基线数据，可用于规划和管理标本库活动。这包括确定有助于评估时间趋势的合适标本，并提高储存样本在评估化学污染物积累及其与生物效应关系方面的效用。
