Soares J C, Krishnan K R, Keshavan M S
Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA.
Depression. 1996;4(1):14-30. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1522-7162(1996)4:1<14::AID-DEPR2>3.0.CO;2-F.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a novel non-invasive approach for investigation of in vivo brain neurochemistry. In this paper, we review the initial studies conducted in mood disorders. 31P MRS studies have suggested membrane phospholipid and energy metabolism abnormalities in the frontal and temporal lobes of bipolar patients. 1H MRS studies have pointed to increase in choline resonance in the basal ganglia of patients with unipolar and bipolar disorders. Mood disorders are not associated with reductions in N-acetyl-aspartate, unlike schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Both 31P and 1H MRS have begun to be used to investigate the mechanisms of action of ECT. 19F and 7Li MRS offer therapeutically relevant new tools for psychopharmacological investigation, allowing the determination of brain concentrations of psychotropic drugs. Measurement of in vivo brain lithium concentrations may have clinical relevance. While several methodological limitations persist, the noninvasiveness and the unique neurochemical insights provided by MRS offer an excellent opportunity for in vivo investigation of the neurobiology of mood disorders.
磁共振波谱（MRS）是一种用于研究活体脑内神经化学的新型非侵入性方法。在本文中，我们回顾了针对情绪障碍开展的初步研究。31P MRS研究表明双相情感障碍患者额叶和颞叶存在膜磷脂和能量代谢异常。1H MRS研究指出单相和双相情感障碍患者基底神经节中胆碱共振增加。与精神分裂症和其他神经精神疾病不同，情绪障碍与N-乙酰天门冬氨酸减少无关。31P和1H MRS均已开始用于研究电休克治疗（ECT）的作用机制。19F和7Li MRS为精神药理学研究提供了具有治疗相关性的新工具，可用于测定精神药物的脑内浓度。测定活体脑内锂浓度可能具有临床意义。尽管仍然存在一些方法学上的局限性，但MRS的非侵入性以及所提供的独特神经化学见解为活体研究情绪障碍的神经生物学提供了绝佳机会。
