Tanaka R, Nakai K
Jpn J Pharmacol. 1977 Jun;27(3):413-9. doi: 10.1254/jjp.27.413.
Effects of mercurials on rat erythrocytes were studied morphologically using an electron microscope. In the scanning study, the normal biconcave shape of the erythrocytes was changed to rugged surface spherocytes when mercuric chloride was added to the erythrocyte suspension. Methylmercuric chloride produced an irregularity of cell shape with spicules including the final stage of spherocytes. p-Chloromercuribenzoic acid formed crenated cells with protrusion, then spherocytes. By a carbon replica technique, it was revealed that control erythrocytes had a granular surface structure; however the surface of mercuric chloride-treated and methyl-mercuric chloride-treated erythrocytes appeared less granulated. By a negative staining technique, severe damage was observed on the erythrocytes lysed by mercurials. As a decrease in content of reduced glutathione, inhibition of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and formation of methemoglobin in erythrocytes treated with mercurials to induce hemolysis were not observed, it was concluded that the hemolysis induced by mercurials was not due to a disturbance in erythrocyte metabolism but rather to the direct action of mercurials on the cell membrane.
使用电子显微镜从形态学角度研究了汞剂对大鼠红细胞的影响。在扫描研究中，当向红细胞悬液中添加氯化汞时，红细胞正常的双凹形会变为表面粗糙的球形红细胞。甲基氯化汞会使细胞形状出现不规则并带有刺突，包括球形红细胞的最终阶段。对氯汞苯甲酸会形成带有突起的皱缩细胞，然后变为球形红细胞。通过碳复型技术发现，对照红细胞具有颗粒状表面结构；然而，经氯化汞和甲基氯化汞处理的红细胞表面颗粒似乎较少。通过负染色技术观察到，汞剂裂解的红细胞受到了严重损伤。由于未观察到经汞剂处理诱导溶血的红细胞中还原型谷胱甘肽含量降低、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶活性受到抑制以及高铁血红蛋白形成，因此得出结论，汞剂诱导的溶血并非由于红细胞代谢紊乱，而是汞剂对细胞膜的直接作用所致。
