Daniels S R, Khoury P R, Morrison J A
Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Pediatrics. 1997 Jun;99(6):804-7. doi: 10.1542/peds.99.6.804.
To evaluate whether body mass index (BMI) is a representative equivalent measure of body fatness independent of age, race, gender, sexual maturation, and distribution of fat in children and adolescents.
Cross-sectional study of 192 healthy subjects (100 boys and 92 girls, 103 white and 89 black) age 7 to 17 years. Methods. Height and weight were measured in the standard fashion, and BMI (kg/m) was calculated from these values. Fat mass and percent body fat were determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Sexual maturation was evaluated by physical assessment. Distribution of fat was determined by the waist:hip ratio.
There were no significant differences by gender and ethnic group for any of the demographic or anthropometric variables, except waist:hip ratio, which was higher in white compared with black boys. BMI was significantly and positively correlated with age, stage of maturation, and all of the anthropometric variables in each race-sex group. The correlation of maturation stage with BMI was stronger than the correlation between age and BMI. A multiple regression analysis showed that BMI, gender, race, sexual maturation, and distribution of fat were all significant independent correlates of the percent body fat (multiple R = .77). The percent body fat-BMI relationship was dependent on the stage of sexual maturation, gender (for an equivalent BMI, girls have greater amounts of body fat than boys), race (for equivalent BMI, whites have higher body fat than blacks), and waist:hip ratio (for equivalent BMI, those with central obesity have greater body fatness than those with peripheral obesity).
BMI is not an equivalent measure of the percent body fat for each race-sex group. When BMI is used as a measure of body fatness in a research or clinical setting, particularly when comparisons are made across race and gender, it may be important to consider the maturation stage, race, gender, and distribution of body fat in the interpretation of the results.
评估体重指数（BMI）是否是一种独立于年龄、种族、性别、性成熟程度以及儿童和青少年脂肪分布的具有代表性的身体肥胖等效指标。
对192名7至17岁的健康受试者（100名男孩和92名女孩，103名白人及89名黑人）进行横断面研究。方法：以标准方式测量身高和体重，并据此计算BMI（kg/m）。使用双能X线吸收法测定脂肪量和体脂百分比。通过体格检查评估性成熟程度。通过腰臀比确定脂肪分布。
除腰臀比外，各人口统计学或人体测量学变量在性别和种族组间均无显著差异，白人男孩的腰臀比高于黑人男孩。在每个种族 - 性别组中，BMI与年龄、成熟阶段以及所有人体测量学变量均呈显著正相关。成熟阶段与BMI的相关性强于年龄与BMI的相关性。多元回归分析表明，BMI、性别、种族、性成熟程度和脂肪分布均是体脂百分比的显著独立相关因素（复相关系数R = 0.77）。体脂百分比与BMI的关系取决于性成熟阶段、性别（同等BMI时，女孩的体脂量多于男孩）、种族（同等BMI时，白人的体脂高于黑人）以及腰臀比（同等BMI时，中心性肥胖者的体脂量多于外周性肥胖者）。
对于每个种族 - 性别组，BMI并非体脂百分比的等效指标。在研究或临床环境中，当使用BMI作为身体肥胖的指标时，尤其是在跨种族和性别的比较中，在解释结果时考虑成熟阶段、种族、性别和身体脂肪分布可能很重要。
