Trangkasombat U, Likanapichitkul D
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Med Assoc Thai. 1997 May;80(5):303-10.
The purpose of this research was to study the prevalence, type, and psychosocial stressors associated with depression. The subjects were 81 children who came to the outpatient pediatric clinic, Chulalongkorn Hospital. There were 39 boys and 42 girls with the age range of 9.3-15.3 years. The results of the study were as follows. The prevalence of depression was 34.6 per cent. Types of depression were depressive symptoms only, 7.4 per cent; adjustment disorder with depressed mood, 17.3 per cent; dysthymia, 6.2 per cent; and major depression, 3.7 per cent. Females had more severe symptoms than males. Of the depressed group, 60.7 per cent had previous suicidal behavior compared with 20.6 per cent in the non-depressed group (p < 0.001). The rates of all psychosocial stressors were higher in the depressed group. Those with statistical significance were parental psychiatric illness, unstable living condition and history of abuse. Depressed children also experienced twice the number of psychosocial stressors compared with the non-depressed group (p < 0.01). This study shows that depression is prevalent in children with physical illnesses. It is imperative that physicians be aware of this problem especially in children who have many psychosocial stressors.
本研究的目的是探讨与抑郁症相关的患病率、类型及社会心理压力源。研究对象为81名前来朱拉隆功医院儿科门诊就诊的儿童。其中有39名男孩和42名女孩，年龄范围在9.3至15.3岁之间。研究结果如下。抑郁症的患病率为34.6%。抑郁症类型包括仅为抑郁症状，占7.4%；伴有抑郁情绪的适应障碍，占17.3%；心境恶劣，占6.2%；重度抑郁症，占3.7%。女性的症状比男性更严重。在抑郁组中，60.7%的儿童曾有过自杀行为，而非抑郁组这一比例为20.6%（p<0.001）。抑郁组中所有社会心理压力源的发生率均更高。具有统计学意义的压力源包括父母精神疾病、生活条件不稳定及虐待史。与非抑郁组相比，抑郁儿童经历的社会心理压力源数量是其两倍（p<0.01）。本研究表明，身体疾病患儿中抑郁症很常见。医生必须意识到这一问题，尤其是对于那些有许多社会心理压力源的儿童。
