Nakao M, Nomura S, Shimosawa T, Yoshiuchi K, Kumano H, Kuboki T, Suematsu H, Fujita T
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo University, Japan.
Psychosom Med. 1997 May-Jun;59(3):331-8. doi: 10.1097/00006842-199705000-00017.
Although biofeedback has been reported to be efficacious in the treatment of hypertension, the degree of response has varied. This study investigated the mechanisms of blood pressure reduction by biofeedback.
Thirty outpatients with essential hypertension (10 men and 20 women) aged 38 to 65 years were studied. Subjects were randomly assigned to group A or B. Subjects in group A underwent biofeedback treatment once a week for a total of four sessions. Those in group B self-monitored their blood pressure during the sessions as the control period and later underwent the same biofeedback treatment.
Blood pressure measured by doctor was reduced by 17 +/- 18/8 +/- 7 (p < .01) and elevation of pressure induced by mental stress testing was suppressed by 8 +/- 9 (p < .05)/4 +/- 8 during the treatment period in group A (mm Hg). In group B, both blood pressure measured by doctor and elevation of pressure by mental stress testing remained unchanged during the control period and they were later suppressed by 20 +/- 15/9 +/- 7 (p < .01) and 11 +/- 10(p < .05)/5 +/- 9 by the biofeedback treatment. Self-monitored pressure in both groups tended to decrease by the biofeedback treatment. Systolic and diastolic pressures as well as pulse rate decreased, skin temperature increased, and alpha-wave amplitude on electroencephalography increased during the therapy (p < .05).
This treatment was effective in suppressing the pressor response to stress. Patients whose blood pressure increases with stress may be suited for biofeedback intervention.
尽管有报道称生物反馈疗法在治疗高血压方面有效，但反应程度各不相同。本研究调查了生物反馈降低血压的机制。
对30名年龄在38至65岁之间的原发性高血压门诊患者（10名男性和20名女性）进行了研究。受试者被随机分为A组或B组。A组受试者每周接受一次生物反馈治疗，共进行四次。B组受试者在治疗期间自行监测血压作为对照期，之后接受相同的生物反馈治疗。
在治疗期间，A组医生测量的血压降低了17±18/8±7（p<.01），精神应激测试引起的血压升高被抑制了8±9（p<.05）/4±8（毫米汞柱）。在B组中，医生测量的血压和精神应激测试引起的血压升高在对照期均保持不变，之后通过生物反馈治疗分别被抑制了20±15/9±7（p<.01）和11±10（p<.05）/5±9。两组的自我监测血压通过生物反馈治疗均有下降趋势。治疗期间收缩压、舒张压以及脉搏率下降，皮肤温度升高，脑电图上的α波振幅增加（p<.05）。
这种治疗方法在抑制对压力的升压反应方面有效。血压随压力升高的患者可能适合生物反馈干预。
