Murdoch I E, Jones B R, Cousens S, Liman I, Babalola O E, Dauda J, Abiose A
Department of Ophthalmology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria.
Bull World Health Organ. 1997;75(2):141-6.
Reported are the results of a study of onchocerciasis in communities mesoendemic for savanna onchocerciasis in Kaduna State, northern Nigeria. The study involved 6831 individuals aged > or = 5 years who underwent an extensive screening examination for visual function including Friedmann field analysis. A total of 185 (2.7%) were bilaterally blind by acuity and an additional 28 (0.4%) were blind by visual field constriction. Also 118 (1.7%) individuals were visually impaired by acuity criteria. No criteria for visual impairment by field constriction have been established, and we therefore investigated three potential criteria. As a result, a further 60 (0.9%) individuals were identified with significant visual impairment due to field loss by the various definitions. Small islands of remaining peripheral field occurred in 50 individuals, while 40 individuals had marked reduction of binocular visual field below the horizontal meridian. Concentric visual field constriction to < 20 degrees was found in seven individuals. The WHO definition of blindness currently includes visual field damage criteria for blindness but not for visual impairment. Visual field loss is recognized as a major disability. We hope that these findings stimulate international discussion leading to the development of satisfactory definitions for visual impairment by visual field constriction.
本文报告了在尼日利亚北部卡杜纳州热带稀树草原盘尾丝虫病中度流行社区开展的盘尾丝虫病研究结果。该研究纳入了6831名年龄≥5岁的个体，他们接受了包括弗里德曼视野分析在内的全面视觉功能筛查检查。共有185人（2.7%）因视力问题双侧失明，另有28人（0.4%）因视野缩窄失明。此外，有118人（1.7%）根据视力标准存在视力损害。目前尚未确立因视野缩窄导致视力损害的标准，因此我们研究了三项潜在标准。结果发现，根据不同定义，另有60人（0.9%）因视野缺损存在严重视力损害。50人存在残留周边视野小岛，40人双眼视野在水平子午线以下明显缩小。7人出现向心性视野缩窄至<20度。世界卫生组织目前的失明定义包括失明的视野损害标准，但不包括视力损害的标准。视野缺损被认为是一项主要残疾。我们希望这些研究结果能激发国际讨论，从而制定出令人满意的因视野缩窄导致视力损害的定义。
