Senthilselvan A, Dosman J A, Kirychuk S P, Barber E M, Rhodes C S, Zhang Y, Hurst T S
Centre for Agricultural Medicine, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Canada.
Chest. 1997 Jun;111(6):1733-41. doi: 10.1378/chest.111.6.1733.
We conducted a longitudinal study to determine the annual rate decline in pulmonary function measurements in male swine confinement workers. For comparison, a grain farming group and a nonfarming rural-dwelling control group were also chosen for the longitudinal study. Two hundred seventeen swine confinement workers, 218 grain farmers, and 179 nonfarming control subjects had valid pulmonary function measurements at the baseline observation conducted in 1990 to 1991 and at the second observation conducted in 1994 to 1995. The swine confinement workers were younger (mean age=38.3+/-11.7 [SD] years) than the nonfarming control subjects (42.6+/-10.4 years) and the grain farmers (44.5+/-11.9 years). When stratified by age, nonfarming control subjects had the lowest mean annual rate decline in FEV1 and FVC in all age categories. The swine confinement workers had the largest annual rate decline in FEV1 and FVC, and this was most obvious in the middle age categories. After controlling for age, height, smoking, and baseline pulmonary function, swine confinement workers had excess annual decline of 26.1 mL in FEV1 (p=0.0005), 33.5 mL in FVC (p=0.0002), and 42.0 mL/s in forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC (FEF[25-75%]) (p=0.02) over nonfarming control subjects. Grain farmers had excess annual decline of 16.4 mL in FEV1 (p=0.03), 26.7 mL in FVC (p=0.002), and 11.2 mL/s in FEF(25-75%) (p=0.38) over control subjects. These findings suggest that workers engaged in the swine industry and grain farmers appear prone to accelerated yearly losses in lung function and may therefore be at risk for the future development of chronic airflow limitation.
我们开展了一项纵向研究，以确定男性养猪场工人肺功能测量值的年下降率。作为比较，还选择了一个谷物种植组和一个非农业农村居住对照组进行纵向研究。在1990年至1991年进行的基线观察以及1994年至1995年进行的第二次观察中，217名养猪场工人、218名谷物种植者和179名非农业对照对象有有效的肺功能测量值。养猪场工人比非农业对照对象（42.6±10.4岁）和谷物种植者（44.5±11.9岁）更年轻（平均年龄=38.3±11.7[标准差]岁）。按年龄分层时，非农业对照对象在所有年龄类别中FEV1和FVC的年平均下降率最低。养猪场工人FEV1和FVC的年下降率最大，这在中年类别中最为明显。在控制了年龄、身高、吸烟和基线肺功能后，与非农业对照对象相比，养猪场工人FEV1每年额外下降26.1 mL（p=0.0005），FVC每年额外下降33.5 mL（p=0.0002），在FVC的25%至75%之间的用力呼气流量（FEF[25-75%]）每年额外下降42.0 mL/s（p=0.02）。与对照对象相比，谷物种植者FEV1每年额外下降16.4 mL（p=0.03），FVC每年额外下降26.7 mL（p=0.002），FEF（25-75%）每年额外下降11.2 mL/s（p=0.38）。这些发现表明，从事养猪业的工人和谷物种植者似乎容易出现肺功能每年加速下降的情况，因此可能面临未来发展为慢性气流受限的风险。
