Roels L, De Meester J
Leuven Heart and Lung Transplantation Groups, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.
J Transpl Coord. 1996 Dec;6(4):174-7. doi: 10.7182/prtr.1.6.4.24130m75305r1348.
A country's organ donation rate and hence the availability of thoracic organs can be increased by organizational measures, by legislative incentives, and by increasing awareness among the public and healthcare professionals. We analyzed the relative impact of organ procurement legislation or policy on heart and lung donation rates per million population per year in the four countries participating in the Eurotransplant organization (population, 112.7 million) between January 1992 and December 1994. Within this organization, Austria and Belgium have presumed-consent legislation, whereas Germany and the Netherlands have an opting-in (explicit-consent) policy. Although practices vary even among countries with similar policies (eg. in Belgium, relatives of the donor retain the right to object to procurement of organs in the absence of an explicit consent from the deceased before death), rates of heart and lung donation were at least twice as high in the two countries with presumed-consent legislation as in the two countries that rely on a policy of explicit consent from the donor's next of kin.
一个国家的器官捐献率以及由此带来的胸科器官的可获得性，可以通过组织措施、立法激励以及提高公众和医疗保健专业人员的意识来提高。我们分析了1992年1月至1994年12月期间，参与欧洲移植组织（人口1.127亿）的四个国家中，器官获取立法或政策对每年每百万人口心脏和肺脏捐献率的相对影响。在这个组织中，奥地利和比利时实行推定同意立法，而德国和荷兰实行选择加入（明确同意）政策。尽管即使在政策相似的国家之间做法也有所不同（例如，在比利时，捐赠者的亲属在死者生前未明确同意的情况下，保留反对器官获取的权利），但实行推定同意立法的两个国家的心脏和肺脏捐献率至少是依赖捐赠者近亲明确同意政策的两个国家的两倍。
