Weitzman S, Grant R
Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Canada.
Semin Perinatol. 1997 Feb;21(1):102-11. doi: 10.1016/s0146-0005(97)80026-2.
Tumors are a rare but important cause of mortality and morbidity in the neonate. There is a wide spectrum of benign and malignant tumors that can occur, some of which have a unique presentation and behavior in this age group. It is important to recognize that tumors such as stage IVS neuroblastoma, which have a good prognosis in older children, may be rapidly fatal in the newborn and constitute an oncological emergency. Other tumors behave in a less aggressive fashion at this age than in the older child, and should not be overtreated. An increasing number of tumors are being detected by prenatal screening, and understanding of their natural history and management is important. Management of neonatal cancer requires knowledge also of the developmental biology of the neonate, of the way in which they handle drugs, and the increased potential for acute toxicity and long-term morbidity from chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
肿瘤是新生儿死亡和发病的罕见但重要原因。新生儿可能出现各种各样的良性和恶性肿瘤，其中一些在该年龄组具有独特的表现和行为。必须认识到，诸如IVS期神经母细胞瘤等肿瘤，在大龄儿童中预后良好，但在新生儿中可能迅速致命，构成肿瘤急症。其他肿瘤在这个年龄段的侵袭性比大龄儿童小，不应过度治疗。越来越多的肿瘤通过产前筛查被发现，了解其自然病史和治疗方法很重要。新生儿癌症的治疗还需要了解新生儿的发育生物学、他们处理药物的方式，以及化疗和放疗导致急性毒性和长期发病的可能性增加。
