Smith G M, Allen J G
Animal Health Laboratories, Agriculture Western Australia, South Perth.
Aust Vet J. 1997 May;75(5):341-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1997.tb15707.x.
To compare the effectiveness of combined selenium and alpha-tocopherol acetate treatments in preventing lupinosis-associated myopathy in sheep.
Measurement of plasma muscle and liver enzymes, and histopathological examination of muscle and liver in the treatment groups.
The treatments were: subcutaneous injections of selenomethionine and vitamin E (sc(SeM+E)), an intraruminal selenium pellet and oral doses of vitamin E and intramuscular injections of selenomethionine combined with either oral doses of vitamin E (imSeM+orE) or intramuscular injections of vitamin E in an oily carrier. Another group received no supplements, while a control group was given selenium pellets on day 0 and fortnightly oral doses of vitamin E from day 0 to 72. To produce lupinosis-associated myopathy, the sheep were fed a diet low in vitamin E and given repeated injections of a crude extract of Diaphorthe toxica. Groups sc(SeM+E) and imSeM+orE were stressed by dosing with protected polyunsaturated fatty acids from day 56 onwards.
Lupinosis-associated myopathy was induced in all unsupplemented sheep. In these sheep the storage of Se increased and that of vitamin E decreased. The subcutaneous treatment was highly effective in preventing lupinosis-associated myopathy and also produced the highest vitamin E concentrations in plasma and liver. Supplemental vitamin E was more efficacious than supplemental Se. Concentrations of vitamin E in the livers of sheep given intramuscular vitamin E were higher than expected based on plasma concentrations. Oral doses of vitamin E proved the least effective method of increasing concentrations in liver. Lupinosis did not affect Se concentrations in liver or muscle.
The sc(SeM+E) treatment is highly effective in preventing lupinosis-associated myopathy but needs to be further assessed when selenium and vitamin E are both limiting in the diet.
比较联合使用硒和醋酸α-生育酚治疗预防绵羊羽扇豆中毒相关性肌病的效果。
测量治疗组血浆、肌肉和肝脏中的酶，并对肌肉和肝脏进行组织病理学检查。
治疗方法如下：皮下注射硒代蛋氨酸和维生素E（sc(SeM+E)）、瘤胃内植入硒丸并口服维生素E，以及肌肉注射硒代蛋氨酸并联合口服维生素E（imSeM+orE）或肌肉注射油性载体中的维生素E。另一组不进行补充，而对照组在第0天给予硒丸，并从第0天至第72天每两周口服一次维生素E。为诱发羽扇豆中毒相关性肌病，给绵羊喂食低维生素E饮食，并反复注射有毒黑腐病菌的粗提物。从第56天起，sc(SeM+E)组和imSeM+orE组通过给予保护性多不饱和脂肪酸进行应激处理。
所有未补充的绵羊均诱发了羽扇豆中毒相关性肌病。在这些绵羊中，硒的储存量增加，而维生素E的储存量减少。皮下治疗在预防羽扇豆中毒相关性肌病方面非常有效，并且在血浆和肝脏中产生的维生素E浓度最高。补充维生素E比补充硒更有效。肌肉注射维生素E的绵羊肝脏中维生素E的浓度高于根据血浆浓度预期的水平。口服维生素E被证明是提高肝脏中维生素E浓度最无效的方法。羽扇豆中毒不影响肝脏或肌肉中的硒浓度。
sc(SeM+E)治疗在预防羽扇豆中毒相关性肌病方面非常有效，但当饮食中硒和维生素E都有限时，需要进一步评估。
