Baumann H, Mueller U, Keller R
Macromolecular Chemistry and Textile Chemistry, Hemocompatible Biomaterials and Soft Tissue Implants, RWTH Aachen, Germany.
Semin Thromb Hemost. 1997;23(2):203-13. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-996092.
Six different GAGs of different natural origin such as unfractionated heparin (HE), chondroitin sulfate (CS), dermatan sulfate (DS), keratan sulfate (KS), endothelial cell surface heparan sulfate (ESHS), and hyaluronan (HA) have been ionically immobilized onto partially cationized cellulose membranes with a substitution degree of 0.06. The GAGs have been characterized in terms of total sulfate content and relative molecular weight. The amount of immobilized GAGs was 10(3) times higher than the theoretical amount for monomolecular side-to-side coordination on polymer surfaces. In a standardized perfusion system with shear rates of 1050 sec-1, 37 degrees C, and 5 minutes with citrated blood, the level of platelet adhesion was 100% for partially cationized membrane, 90% for HA, 75% for each HE, CS, DS, KS, 5% for unmodified cellulose membrane, and 5% for confluent bovine aorta endothelial cells, referred to subendothelial matrix as standard for 100% platelet adhesion. ESHS-coated membranes were completely inert to platelets. The amount of ionically released GAGs during perfusion was also estimated. The partial cationic membrane is a suitable polymer surface in combination with the perfusion system to estimate the hemocompatibility of ionically immobilized water-soluble polyanions in terms of platelet adhesion at defined shear rates. The results of platelet adhesion are discussed in terms of structure and analytical parameter of the immobilized GAGs.
六种不同天然来源的糖胺聚糖，如未分级肝素（HE）、硫酸软骨素（CS）、硫酸皮肤素（DS）、硫酸角质素（KS）、内皮细胞表面硫酸乙酰肝素（ESHS）和透明质酸（HA），已被离子固定在取代度为0.06的部分阳离子化纤维素膜上。这些糖胺聚糖已根据总硫酸盐含量和相对分子量进行了表征。固定化糖胺聚糖的量比聚合物表面单分子并排配位的理论量高10³倍。在标准化灌注系统中，剪切速率为1050秒⁻¹，温度为37℃，使用柠檬酸盐血液灌注5分钟，以未修饰纤维素膜为标准，部分阳离子化膜的血小板黏附水平为100%，HA为90%，每种HE、CS、DS、KS为75%，未修饰纤维素膜为5%，汇合的牛主动脉内皮细胞为5%，以内皮下基质作为100%血小板黏附的标准。ESHS包被的膜对血小板完全无活性。还估计了灌注过程中离子释放的糖胺聚糖的量。部分阳离子化膜与灌注系统相结合，是一种合适的聚合物表面，可根据在规定剪切速率下的血小板黏附情况来评估离子固定化水溶性聚阴离子的血液相容性。根据固定化糖胺聚糖的结构和分析参数对血小板黏附结果进行了讨论。
