Hull B P, Dowdle W R
Global Programme for Vaccines and Immunization, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
J Infect Dis. 1997 Feb;175 Suppl 1:S113-6. doi: 10.1093/infdis/175.supplement_1.s113.
A network of virologic laboratories has been established by the World Health Organization to conduct surveillance for wild poliovirus and to provide evidence for the certification of poliomyelitis eradication. The network consists of >60 national laboratories isolating and identifying polioviruses within countries; 16 regional reference laboratories, providing intratypic differentiation of wild and vaccine strains and assisting with quality assurance and training; and 6 global specialized laboratories, conducting research, preparing reference reagents, and providing genomic sequencing of wild polioviruses, advanced training, and expert virologic advice. Laboratories collaborate with national eradication programs in the detection, reporting, clinical investigation, and virologic testing of stool specimens obtained in connection with cases of acute flaccid paralysis and, where indicated, from healthy children and the environment. A quality assurance system, leading to World Health Organization accreditation, involves training in standardized techniques, use of centrally prepared typing antisera, annual proficiency testing and follow-up action, and monitoring of standard performance indicators.
世界卫生组织已建立了一个病毒学实验室网络，用于开展野生脊髓灰质炎病毒监测，并为脊髓灰质炎根除认证提供证据。该网络包括60多个在各国分离和鉴定脊髓灰质炎病毒的国家实验室；16个区域参考实验室，负责对野生型和疫苗株进行型内鉴别，并协助质量保证和培训；以及6个全球专业实验室，开展研究、制备参考试剂、提供野生脊髓灰质炎病毒的基因组测序、高级培训和病毒学专家建议。实验室与国家根除计划合作，对与急性弛缓性麻痹病例相关采集的粪便标本进行检测、报告、临床调查和病毒学检测，并在必要时对健康儿童和环境采集的标本进行检测。一个通向世界卫生组织认可的质量保证体系包括标准化技术培训、使用集中制备的分型抗血清、年度能力验证及后续行动，以及对标准性能指标的监测。
