Gabbott D A
Department of Anaesthetics, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK.
Anaesthesia. 1997 Jun;52(6):586-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1997.138-az0131.x.
In 30 ASA 1 and 2 patients undergoing general anaesthesia and neuromuscular paralysis, manual in-line stabilisation of the neck in a neutral position was performed and single-handed cricoid pressure was applied. Vertical displacement was measured from the midpoint of the neck (directly below the cricoid cartilage). Measurements were also made at the tragus of the ear and the shoulder; both of which acted as fixed reference points. Mean neck displacement was 4.6 mm with a range of 0-8 mm. Mean tragus and shoulder displacements were 0.5 mm and 0.9mm, respectively, with a range of 0-2 mm at each point. Vertical displacement was also measured in 10 patients from a stylet fixed to the posterior aspect of the neck. Mean displacement measured at this point was 5.0 mm with a range of 2-9 mm. Single-handed cricoid pressure caused vertical displacement of the neck of between 4.6 and 5 mm with a range of 0-9 mm. Only some of this movement, i.e. 0.5-0.9 mm (range 0-2mm) can be accounted for by displacement of the whole patient as determined from measurements at the two fixed reference points. These findings have implications for emergency management of the airway in trauma patients.
在30例接受全身麻醉和神经肌肉麻痹的美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）分级为1级和2级的患者中，将颈部手动保持在中立位并进行单手环状软骨压迫。从颈部中点（环状软骨正下方）测量垂直位移。还在耳屏和肩部进行测量；这两个部位均作为固定参考点。颈部平均位移为4.6毫米，范围为0至8毫米。耳屏和肩部的平均位移分别为0.5毫米和0.9毫米，每个部位的范围均为0至2毫米。还对10例患者从固定于颈部后方的探针处测量垂直位移。在此点测量的平均位移为5.0毫米，范围为2至9毫米。单手环状软骨压迫导致颈部垂直位移在4.6至5毫米之间，范围为0至9毫米。根据在两个固定参考点的测量确定，整个患者的位移仅能解释其中一部分运动，即0.5至0.9毫米（范围0至2毫米）。这些发现对创伤患者气道的紧急处理具有启示意义。
