Laurenson K, Esterhuysen J, Stander P, Van Heerden J
Department of Biological and Molecular Sciences, University of Stirling, UK.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1997 Mar;64(1):39-45.
Aspects of rabies epidemiology were investigated in the Tsumkwe District, Namibia, during December 1993 and January 1994. A cross-sectional seroepidemiological survey for rabies antibodies was carried out in domestic (n = 70) and wild dogs [Lycaon pictus (n = 6)]. An overall seroprevalence rate of 30% was found in domestic dogs, but it must be borne in mind that seroconversion can result from infections from either rabies or rabies-related viruses. Older dogs were more likely to be seropositive and there was spatial and temporal clustering of seropositivity. No wild dogs were found seropositive. A demographic survey of the domestic-dog population in the area showed that the total dog-population size was 132, or 0.027 dogs per km2. The dog population consisted mainly of young dogs with a median age of 1.5 years, and had a female bias of 0.63 males per female. Questionnaire surveys suggested that spotted hyaenas (Crocuta crocuta) and black-backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) were the most common larger carnivores found in and around villages, and that dogs were kept mainly for guarding.
1993年12月至1994年1月期间，在纳米比亚的茨姆夸区对狂犬病流行病学的各个方面进行了调查。对家犬（n = 70）和野狗[非洲野犬（n = 6）]进行了狂犬病抗体的横断面血清流行病学调查。在家犬中发现总体血清阳性率为30%，但必须记住，血清转化可能是由狂犬病或狂犬病相关病毒感染引起的。年龄较大的狗更有可能血清呈阳性，并且血清阳性存在空间和时间上的聚集。未发现野狗血清呈阳性。对该地区家犬种群的人口统计学调查显示，犬的总数为132只，即每平方公里0.027只犬。犬种群主要由幼犬组成，中位年龄为1.5岁，且性别比例偏向雌性，雄性与雌性的比例为0.63。问卷调查表明，斑鬣狗（斑点鬣狗）和黑背胡狼是在村庄及其周边发现的最常见的大型食肉动物，并且养狗主要是为了守护。
