Dauberschmidt C, Dietrich D R, Schlatter C
Institute of Toxicology, Federal Institute of Technology and University of Zürich, Schorenstrasse 16, CH-8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1997 Jul;33(1):42-6. doi: 10.1007/s002449900221.
Subacute exposures (10 d) of the freshwater mollusc Dreissena polymorpha to disulfoton (10 mg/L), thiometon (6 mg/L), and its activated oxygen analogue demeton-S-methyl (6 mg/L) corroborate earlier findings of organophosphate resistance and accumulation in the organism. Mortality occurred not before the ninth day of exposure. Mortality was induced at high ambient water concentrations and must be due to unknown specific organophosphate effects. Body burdens reached saturation levels within one week being around 40 mg/kg wet weight for thiometon and 60 mg/kg for disulfoton. Mussels dying during the tests showed lower tissue concentrations. Elimination of accumulated organophosphates was so low in the mussel, that an efficient metabolism of these compounds in the mussel was unlikely. Different organs of Dreissena previously acutely exposed (96 h) to the organophosphate thiometon (6, 12, 25, 50 mg/L) were analyzed for their thiometon content. Thiometon could be found in all organs, but were highest in the anterior part of the viscera (230 mg/kg), where it was accumulated either in the digestive gland and/or in the gonadal tissue.
将淡水软体动物多形饰贝亚急性暴露（10天）于乙拌磷（10毫克/升）、甲基乙拌磷（6毫克/升）及其活性氧类似物甲基内吸磷（6毫克/升），证实了此前关于该生物体对有机磷具有抗性和积累的研究结果。暴露第九天之前未出现死亡情况。高环境水浓度会导致死亡，这必定是由于未知的特定有机磷效应所致。一周内体内负荷达到饱和水平，甲基乙拌磷约为40毫克/千克湿重，乙拌磷为60毫克/千克。在测试过程中死亡的贻贝组织浓度较低。贻贝中积累的有机磷消除率极低，因此这些化合物在贻贝体内不太可能有高效的代谢。对之前急性暴露（96小时）于有机磷甲基乙拌磷（6、12、25、50毫克/升）的多形饰贝的不同器官进行了甲基乙拌磷含量分析。在所有器官中均能检测到甲基乙拌磷，但在内脏前部含量最高（230毫克/千克），它在消化腺和/或性腺组织中积累。
