Obstetric practice and infant morbidity.

A method is described of using matched pairs of index infants and controls to examine the hypothesis that induction or some other obstetric practice is associated with increased morbidity in the mature infant. All infants over 2250 g and 37 weeks gestation, without severe congenital defect or history of severe maternal disorder, born in the John Radcliffe and admitted to the Special Care Baby Unit in 1975 were identified. For each of these index infants a matched control was chosen using strict criteria. Contrast between the 109 matched pairs showed no significant differences between maternal characteristics, induction of labour, use of forceps or duration of labour. There was an excess of index infants born to mothers who had had epidural anaesthesia (P less than 0.05).