Kuebler D, Hausser D
Institut de recherche sur l'environment construit, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Addiction. 1997 Mar;92(3):325-34.
In order to recruit heroin and/or cocaine users outside treatment settings, recruitment of subjects through Privileged Access Interviewers (PAI) was tested and implemented in the Swiss Hidden Population Study. This article discusses practical aspects of the PAI method as well as issues of reliability and validity. From June 1994 to June 1995, 31 Privileged Access Interviewers were recruited in the main regions of Switzerland. They conducted 943 standardized interviews altogether, of which 917 could be considered valid. Fifty-four per cent of the respondents correspond to the criteria of the target population. The PAI method collects reliable data in a relatively short amount of time, given adequate means of control. Analysis of the age distribution and of the patterns of drug use in our sample shows that the question of validity is mainly linked to the diversity of the milieus from which PAIs recruit the respondents. Encouraging PAIs to do as many interviews as possible did not skew the data. Hence, well-founded inferences on a PAI generated database relies on the analysis of qualitative information on the ways in which the Privileged Access Interviewers have recruited their respondents.
为了在治疗机构之外招募海洛因和/或可卡因使用者，瑞士隐匿人口研究对通过特权访问访谈员（PAI）招募受试者的方法进行了测试并予以实施。本文讨论了PAI方法的实际操作层面以及可靠性和有效性问题。1994年6月至1995年6月，在瑞士主要地区招募了31名特权访问访谈员。他们总共进行了943次标准化访谈，其中917次可被视为有效访谈。54%的受访者符合目标人群的标准。在有足够控制手段的情况下，PAI方法能在相对较短的时间内收集到可靠数据。对我们样本中的年龄分布和吸毒模式进行分析表明，有效性问题主要与PAI招募受访者的环境多样性有关。鼓励PAI尽可能多地进行访谈并不会使数据产生偏差。因此，基于PAI生成的数据库进行有充分依据的推断依赖于对特权访问访谈员招募受访者方式的定性信息分析。
