Andersson H W, Gotlieb S J, Nelson K G
Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl. 1997;165:82-6.
In the present study we analyzed the relationship between home environment and cognitive abilities in small-for-gestational-age infants.
A group of 142 small-for-gestational-age infants and a control group of 172 appropriate-for-gestational-age infants were tested on the Fagan Test of Infant Intelligence at 7 months. The Home Screening Questionnaire was completed by the mothers when their infants were 13 months.
The group of small-for-gestational age infants had significantly lower scores on both the Fagan test (p < 0.05) and on the Home Screening Questionnaire (p < 0.01). A significant relation between the Fagan test score and the home score was found for the small-for-gestational-age group (p < 0.05). When the home score was controlled for, the difference in mean Fagan score between the two groups of infants disappeared.
It is suggested that small-for-gestational-age infants may be more vulnerable to adverse social conditions that infants born with a normal birthweight for gestational age. Results also suggest that cognitive impairments among small-for-gestational-age infants may be an effect of their social environments and their parents' general intelligence. Possible physical and neurological effects of intrauterine growth retardation may be less important for cognitive functioning.
在本研究中，我们分析了小于胎龄儿的家庭环境与认知能力之间的关系。
一组142名小于胎龄儿和一组172名适于胎龄儿在7个月时接受了法根婴儿智力测验。母亲们在婴儿13个月时完成了家庭筛查问卷。
小于胎龄儿组在法根测试（p < 0.05）和家庭筛查问卷上的得分均显著较低（p < 0.01）。在小于胎龄儿组中，发现法根测试得分与家庭得分之间存在显著关系（p < 0.05）。当控制家庭得分时，两组婴儿的法根平均得分差异消失。
提示小于胎龄儿可能比出生体重适于胎龄的婴儿更容易受到不良社会环境的影响。结果还表明，小于胎龄儿的认知障碍可能是其社会环境和父母一般智力的影响。宫内生长迟缓可能的身体和神经影响对认知功能的重要性可能较小。
