Krauhs J M, Sordahl L A, Brown A M
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1977 Nov 15;471(1):25-31. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(77)90389-3.
Many neurons in the ganglia of Aplysia californica contain pigmented, membrane-bound granules (lipochondria), which are thought to mediate the light response of some of the neurons, including the giant cell of the abdominal ganglion. A method of isolating the lipochondria by centrifugation of ganglia homogenates has now been developed. Electron microscopy was used to demonstrate that most of the lipochondria remain morphologically intact. As shown by X-ray microanalysis, isolated lipochondria contain the same elements, including calcium, as do lipochondria in intact giant cells. The calcium can be released into the medium by treatment of the organelles with the Ca2+ ionophore A23187. It appears that the lipochondria of Aplysia ganglia are similar in their morphology, elemental content and susceptibility to the ionophore. Two pigments were isolated from the lipochondria, and chromatography and spectrophotometric studies indicated that they are beta-carotene and a "retinol-like" compound.
加州海兔神经节中的许多神经元含有色素沉着的、膜结合颗粒（脂质线粒体），人们认为这些颗粒介导了一些神经元的光反应，包括腹神经节的巨细胞。现在已经开发出一种通过离心神经节匀浆来分离脂质线粒体的方法。利用电子显微镜证明，大多数脂质线粒体在形态上保持完整。如X射线微分析所示，分离出的脂质线粒体与完整巨细胞中的脂质线粒体含有相同的元素，包括钙。通过用Ca2+离子载体A23187处理细胞器，钙可以释放到培养基中。看来，海兔神经节的脂质线粒体在形态、元素含量和对离子载体的敏感性方面相似。从脂质线粒体中分离出两种色素，色谱和分光光度研究表明它们是β-胡萝卜素和一种“视黄醇样”化合物。
