Caplan M J
Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
Am J Physiol. 1997 Jun;272(6 Pt 1):G1304-13. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1997.272.6.G1304.
The P-type family of ion-transporting ATPases includes all of the isoforms of Na(+)-K(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase), the plasma membrane and organellar Ca(2+)-ATPases, gastric H(+)-K(+)-ATPase, and the recently characterized nongastric H(+)-K(+)-ATPases, among others. In epithelial cells, members of this pump family generate the cation gradients responsible for vectorial fluid and solute transport. To carry out this function, each P-type ATPase must be restricted to a specific membrane domain. Newly synthesized ion pumps must be sorted to their appropriate destinations and retained there after their delivery. Recently, progress has been made toward understanding the signals and targeting pathways that epithelial cells employ to generate anisotropic pump distributions. The mechanisms involved in generating these pump distributions may serve as well to regulate pump function.
离子转运ATP酶的P型家族包括钠钾腺苷三磷酸酶（ATP酶）的所有亚型、质膜和细胞器钙ATP酶、胃质子钾ATP酶以及最近鉴定出的非胃质子钾ATP酶等。在上皮细胞中，该泵家族的成员产生负责向量性液体和溶质转运的阳离子梯度。为了执行这一功能，每个P型ATP酶必须局限于特定的膜结构域。新合成的离子泵必须被分选到其合适的目的地，并在送达后保留在那里。最近，在理解上皮细胞用于产生各向异性泵分布的信号和靶向途径方面取得了进展。产生这些泵分布所涉及的机制也可能用于调节泵的功能。
