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长时间间歇性低强度和高强度步行过程中对冷应激的生理反应。

Physiological responses to cold stress during prolonged intermittent low- and high-intensity walking.

作者信息

Weller A S, Millard C E, Stroud M A, Greenhaff P L, Macdonald I A

机构信息

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, United Kingdom.

出版信息

Am J Physiol. 1997 Jun;272(6 Pt 2):R2025-33. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1997.272.6.R2025.

Abstract

In a previous study [Am. J. Physiol. 272 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 41): R226-R233, 1997], the physiological responses to 240 min of intermittent low-intensity walking exercise in a cold (+5 degrees C), wet, and windy environment (Cold) may have been influenced by a 120-min preceding phase of intermittent higher-intensity exercise. Furthermore, the physiological responses observed during this latter phase may have been different if it had been more prolonged. To address these questions, active men attempted a 360-min intermittent (15 min of rest, 45 min of exercise) exercise protocol in Cold and a thermoneutral environment (+15 degrees C, Neutral) at a low (0% grade, 5 km/h; Low; n = 14) and a higher (10% grade, 6 km/h; High; n = 10) intensity. During Low, rectal temperature was lower in Cold than in Neutral, whereas O2 consumption, carbohydrate oxidation, plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine, and blood lactate were higher. During High, Cold had a similar but less marked influence on the thermoregulatory responses to exercise than during Low. In conclusion, the physiological responses to Low are similarly influenced by Cold whether or not they are preceded by High. Furthermore, during intermittent exercise up to an intensity of approximately 60% of peak O2 consumption, a cold, wet, and windy environment will influence the physiological responses to exercise and potentially impair performance.

摘要

在先前的一项研究中[《美国生理学杂志》272卷(调节整合与比较生理学41期):R226 - R233,1997年],在寒冷(+5摄氏度)、潮湿且有风的环境(寒冷环境)中进行240分钟间歇性低强度步行运动的生理反应,可能受到了之前120分钟间歇性高强度运动阶段的影响。此外,如果后一阶段持续时间更长,所观察到的生理反应可能会有所不同。为了解决这些问题,健康男性在寒冷环境和热中性环境(+15摄氏度,中性环境)中尝试了一种360分钟的间歇性(15分钟休息、45分钟运动)运动方案,运动强度分为低强度(0%坡度,5公里/小时;低强度组;n = 14)和高强度(10%坡度,6公里/小时;高强度组;n = 10)。在低强度运动期间,寒冷环境下的直肠温度低于中性环境,而耗氧量、碳水化合物氧化、血浆去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素以及血乳酸水平则更高。在高强度运动期间,寒冷环境对运动热调节反应的影响与低强度运动期间相似,但不太明显。总之,无论低强度运动之前是否有高强度运动,寒冷环境对其生理反应的影响相似。此外,在间歇性运动强度达到峰值耗氧量的约60%之前,寒冷、潮湿且有风的环境会影响运动的生理反应,并可能损害运动表现。

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