Allman R M
Center for Aging, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-2041, USA.
Clin Geriatr Med. 1997 Aug;13(3):421-36.
Pressure ulcers are a common problem among older adults in all health care settings. Prevalence and incidence estimates vary by setting, ulcer stage, and length of follow-up. Risk factors associated with increased pressure ulcer incidence have been identified. Activity or mobility limitation, incontinence, abnormalities in nutritional status, and altered consciousness are the most consistently reported risk factors for pressure ulcers. Pain, infectious complications, prolonged and expensive hospitalizations, persistent open ulcers, and increased risk of death are all associated with the development of pressure ulcers. The tremendous variability in pressure ulcer prevalence and incidence in health care settings suggests that opportunities exist to improve outcomes for persons at risk for and with pressure ulcers.
在所有医疗环境中，压疮都是老年人常见的问题。患病率和发病率的估计因环境、溃疡阶段和随访时间的长短而异。已确定与压疮发病率增加相关的风险因素。活动或行动受限、失禁、营养状况异常以及意识改变是最常报告的压疮风险因素。疼痛、感染并发症、长期昂贵的住院治疗、持续开放性溃疡以及死亡风险增加均与压疮的发生有关。医疗环境中压疮患病率和发病率的巨大差异表明，存在改善有压疮风险者和患有压疮者结局的机会。
