Oot-Giromini B A
Decubitus. 1993 Sep;6(5):24-32.
This study examined the prevalence and incidence of pressure ulcers as well as associated risk factors in the community. By using the Web of Causation and the Braden conceptual schema, barriers to effective interventions were identified and analyzed. The Web of Causation for pressure ulcer development includes socioeconomic factors and personal belief systems. It also includes the following risk factors: mobility, activity, moisture, nutrition, friction, shear, and altered sensory perception. There were 103 participants in this study. Data gathered by public health nurses included occurrence, risk assessment score, and demographics. Significant demographics for the pressure ulcer group included age greater than 70 years and diagnoses related to altered mobility, activity, and circulatory status. Pressure ulcer patients who were incontinent accounted for 73% of the total, with urinary incontinence accounting for 33%. There were 1.4 ulcers per patient. Most of the ulcers (78%) occurred on the sacral/coccygeal area and were either Stage II or Stage III. The prevalence rate of pressure ulcers in the community was 29% and the incidence rate was 16.5%.
本研究调查了社区中压疮的患病率和发病率以及相关危险因素。通过使用因果关系网和布拉登概念框架，确定并分析了有效干预措施的障碍。压疮形成的因果关系网包括社会经济因素和个人信念系统。它还包括以下危险因素：活动能力、活动情况、潮湿、营养、摩擦力、剪切力以及感觉知觉改变。本研究共有103名参与者。公共卫生护士收集的数据包括压疮的发生情况、风险评估得分和人口统计学信息。压疮组的重要人口统计学特征包括年龄大于70岁以及与活动能力、活动情况和循环状态改变相关的诊断。失禁的压疮患者占总数的73%，其中尿失禁占33%。每位患者有1.4处压疮。大多数压疮（78%）发生在骶骨/尾骨区域，且为Ⅱ期或Ⅲ期。社区中压疮的患病率为29%，发病率为16.5%。
