Franke H
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 1997 Mar-Apr;30(2):130-55.
The critical evaluation of all so-called correlation factors of the absolute longevity of centenarians lead to the assumption that those of extreme age among the oldest elderly remain as a biological selection of the total population. Due to an unfavorable biological total constellation, the comparable oldest elderly have already died. To solve these selection problems, research reports in this country and abroad are helpful in relation to this special category of centenarians. New findings in laboratory diagnostics, the genetic privileged position of long-living persons regarding their expectancy re arteriosclerosis, as well as the modern molecular biological and neuropathological cerebral studies of deceased persons of the oldest category can be regarded in the sense of a selection of elderly people. The characteristics of the central nervous system, the cardiovascular and pulmonary system of the elderly, give an indication (e.g., of a 100-years-old smoker) of the extreme living conditions of the oldest elderly. A large number of curiosities found in the literature and personally observed unexplainable findings illustrate the remarkable lifestyle of individually selected oldest elderly. The final section discusses the biological, social and psychological special position of the oldest elderly.
最年长老年人中那些极高龄者是总人口中的生物选择结果。由于总体生物状况不利，那些可与之相比的最年长老年人已经去世。为解决这些选择问题，国内外的研究报告对这一特殊类别的百岁老人很有帮助。实验室诊断方面的新发现、长寿者在动脉硬化预期方面的遗传优势地位，以及对最年长类别死者进行的现代分子生物学和神经病理学脑部研究，都可被视为对老年人的一种选择。老年人中枢神经系统、心血管和肺部系统的特征（例如，一位100岁吸烟者的特征）表明了最年长老年人极端的生活状况。文献中发现的大量奇闻轶事以及个人观察到的无法解释的现象，都说明了个别选定的最年长老年人非凡的生活方式。最后一部分讨论了最年长老年人在生物学、社会和心理方面的特殊地位。
