气质性唤醒和性别隔离游戏在幼儿社会适应中的作用。

Roles of temperamental arousal and gender-segregated play in young children's social adjustment.

作者信息

Fabes R A, Shepard S A, Guthrie I K, Martin C L

机构信息

Department of Family Resources and Human Development, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-2502, USA.

出版信息

Dev Psychol. 1997 Jul;33(4):693-702. doi: 10.1037//0012-1649.33.4.693.

DOI:10.1037//0012-1649.33.4.693

PMID:9232384

Abstract

The hypothesis that gender differences in children's adjustment is partially influenced by differences in temperament and interactions with same-sex peers was examined. Fifty-seven predominantly White, middle-class preschoolers (29 boys and 28 girls, M age = 54.5 months) participated. Measures were taken of children's arousability, problem behaviors, and tendencies to play with same-sex peers. A semester later, children's peer status was assessed. Analyses revealed that arousability and same-sex peer play interacted to predict problem behaviors. For boys high in arousability, play with same-sex peers increased problem behaviors. In contrast, arousable girls who played with other girls were relatively unlikely to show problem behaviors. Moreover, the interaction of arousability and same-sex peer play predicted boys' (but not girls') peer status, and this relation was partially mediated by problem behaviors. The role of gender-related processes is discussed.

摘要

本研究检验了一种假设，即儿童适应方面的性别差异部分受到气质差异以及与同性同伴互动差异的影响。五十七名主要为白人、来自中产阶级的学龄前儿童（29名男孩和28名女孩，平均年龄 = 54.5个月）参与了研究。研究人员对儿童的唤醒性、问题行为以及与同性同伴玩耍的倾向进行了测量。一个学期后，对儿童的同伴地位进行了评估。分析结果显示，唤醒性和与同性同伴玩耍这两个因素相互作用，能够预测问题行为。对于唤醒性较高的男孩来说，与同性同伴玩耍会增加问题行为。相比之下，唤醒性较高且与其他女孩玩耍的女孩相对不太可能出现问题行为。此外，唤醒性和与同性同伴玩耍的相互作用能够预测男孩（而非女孩）的同伴地位，并且这种关系部分是由问题行为介导的。文中还讨论了与性别相关的过程所起的作用。