Hendrickson D A, Wilson D G
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA.
Vet Surg. 1997 Jul-Aug;26(4):335-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.1997.tb01507.x.
This article describes a new technique for laparoscopic cryptorchid castration in standing horses.
Prospective study.
Eight horses aged 11 months to 3 years and weighing between 300 and 643 kg.
Food was withheld for 24 to 36 hours, and then horses were sedated with detomidine HCl (0.02 to 0.03 mg/kg) and butorphanol tartrate (0.02 mg/kg). The paralumbar fossa region was desensitized with 2% mepivacaine in an inverted "L" pattern and caudal epidural anesthesia was administered with either xylazine (0.18 mg/kg diluted to 10 to 15 mL with 0.9% sodium chloride) or a combination of 2% mepivacaine and xylazine (0.18 mg/kg). Initial laparoscopic exploration was performed from the left flank; in three horses, right flank laparoscopy was needed to complete the procedure. The spermatic cord was ligated within the abdomen with one or two sutures of 0 polydioxanone suture, and the testis or testes removed through a flank incision.
In five horses with no palpably descended testes, standing laparoscopy was the only procedure performed, whereas in two horses, the abdominal testis was removed laparoscopically, and the descended testis was removed under short acting anesthesia. In one horse, with nonpalpable testes, it was determined by laparoscopic observation that the testes were in the inguinal canal, and castration was performed under general anesthesia. No surgical or postoperative complications were noted. The right side of the abdomen, and especially the right vaginal ring, could be easily observed from the left side by passing the laparoscope through a small perforation in the mesocolon of the descending colon or by elevating the descending colon with an instrument or by use of an arm in the rectum.
The standing laparoscopic approach combined with or without short-acting anesthesia to remove the descended testis is easily performed.
This approach will provide surgeons with another option to castrate cryptorchid stallions.
本文描述了一种用于站立位马匹腹腔镜隐睾去势的新技术。
前瞻性研究。
8匹年龄在11个月至3岁之间、体重在300至643千克之间的马。
禁食24至36小时，然后用盐酸右美托咪定（0.02至0.03毫克/千克）和酒石酸布托啡诺（0.02毫克/千克）对马进行镇静。用2%甲哌卡因以倒“L”形对腰旁窝区域进行脱敏，并使用赛拉嗪（0.18毫克/千克用0.9%氯化钠稀释至10至15毫升）或2%甲哌卡因与赛拉嗪（0.18毫克/千克）的组合进行尾段硬膜外麻醉。最初的腹腔镜探查从左侧胁腹进行；3匹马需要右侧胁腹腹腔镜检查来完成手术。用一根或两根0号聚二氧六环酮缝线在腹腔内结扎精索，并通过胁腹切口切除一个或两个睾丸。
在5匹未触及下降睾丸的马中，仅进行了站立位腹腔镜手术，而在2匹马中，腹腔内睾丸通过腹腔镜切除，下降的睾丸在短效麻醉下切除。在1匹未触及睾丸的马中，通过腹腔镜观察确定睾丸位于腹股沟管内，并在全身麻醉下进行了去势。未观察到手术或术后并发症。通过将腹腔镜穿过降结肠系膜上的一个小穿孔，或用器械抬高降结肠，或通过在直肠中使用手臂，可从左侧轻松观察到腹部右侧，尤其是右侧阴道环。
站立位腹腔镜手术联合或不联合短效麻醉来切除下降的睾丸操作简便。
这种方法将为外科医生提供另一种阉割隐睾种公马的选择。
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