Bromham D R
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1997 Jun 17;816:432-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52173.x.
For 30 years, the combined oral contraceptive pill has been an almost automatic choice for effective contraception in sexually active adolescent women. Nevertheless, consideration of the criteria of a hypothetical "ideal" contraceptive suggests that long-acting progestogen-only methods may have considerable advantages for some adolescents. These would include greater efficacy, easier compliance, avoidance of estrogenic side effects, and potentially greater privacy. The disadvantages of menstrual irregularity, progestogenic side effects including weight gain, and the initial greater medicalization of the method, particularly implants, must be weighed against the wishes and preferences of the adolescent. A number of studies of the uptake and utilization of these methods in adolescence have arisen, particularly from the United States. These are reviewed together with experience from programs in the United Kingdom.
30年来，复方口服避孕药几乎一直是性活跃青春期女性有效避孕的必然选择。然而，考虑一种假设的“理想”避孕方法的标准表明，仅含长效孕激素的方法对某些青少年可能具有相当大的优势。这些优势包括更高的有效性、更容易坚持、避免雌激素副作用以及可能更大的隐私性。月经不规律、包括体重增加在内的孕激素副作用以及该方法（尤其是植入剂）最初更大程度的医疗化等缺点，必须与青少年的意愿和偏好相权衡。已经出现了一些关于这些方法在青少年中的采用和使用情况的研究，特别是来自美国的研究。本文将对这些研究以及英国项目的经验进行综述。
