Claudet I, Fries F
Service de réanimation infantile, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France.
Arch Pediatr. 1997 Jun;4(6):538-41. doi: 10.1016/s0929-693x(97)87574-4.
Imidazoline derivatives are alpha-adrenergic agents used in nose drops and collyria. Intoxication in children can cause severe central nervous system depression and cardiovascular adverse effects, especially in very young children.
A 1-month old girl was admitted after nose-drop instillation of naphazoline. At the time of admission, she was comatose, pale, hypothermic and presented arterial hypertension, bradycardia and apnea. Arterial hypertension was corrected after intravenous infusion with phentolamine mesylate, an alpha-antagonist agent. All other symptoms disappeared spontaneously 9 hours after the initial instillation.
Imidazoline intoxication due to overdose or accidental ingestion is frequent in children. Because nose drops are widely available without any medical prescription, nasal vasoconstrictors which contain imidazolin derivatives should be discouraged under 7 years of age and kept out of children's reach.
咪唑啉衍生物是用于滴鼻剂和洗眼剂的α-肾上腺素能药物。儿童中毒可导致严重的中枢神经系统抑制和心血管不良反应，尤其是在幼儿中。
一名1个月大的女孩在滴鼻使用萘甲唑啉后入院。入院时，她昏迷、面色苍白、体温过低，出现动脉高血压、心动过缓和呼吸暂停。静脉输注α-拮抗剂甲磺酸酚妥拉明后，动脉高血压得到纠正。初始滴注9小时后，所有其他症状均自行消失。
儿童因过量或意外摄入导致咪唑啉中毒很常见。由于滴鼻剂无需处方即可广泛获得，7岁以下儿童应避免使用含有咪唑啉衍生物的鼻血管收缩剂，并应将其放置在儿童无法触及的地方。
