Saborido L, Latres de Rauek B, Rezzónico J N, Guntsche Z, Cabut V, Leiva R, Muñoz P, Bidot L, Vitoria C, Rosso A
Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital Italiano, Mendoza, Argentina.
Medicina (B Aires). 1996;56(5 Pt 1):448-54.
In order to evaluate iodine daily intake in 5-14 year-old school children urinary iodine excretion was measured in morning urinary samples of 134 school children. This value was corrected to microgram/ 24 h according to Jolin and Escobar del Rey's formula. Thyroid size was evaluated by two expert examiners following WHO criteria. Coincidence between both examiners was indispensable to establish goiter diagnosis. We evaluated urinary samples of 134 school children (117 normal and 17 goitrous). Urinary iodine excretion mean values were significantly different between Normal: 140.04 +/- 86.28 micrograms/24 h and Goitrous: 98.24 +/- 47.91 micrograms 24 h; p < 0.005). Goiter prevalence was found to diminish significantly when urinary iodine excretion was greater than 150 micrograms/24 h (p < 0.05). Similar mean urinary iodine excretion was observed in different socioeconomic groups. No significant differences were detected in the evaluation of two most common salt trademark consumer groups. In conclusion 1) iodoprophylaxis efficacy was assessed by urinary iodine excretion, a valid means to estimate iodine intake. Acceptable mean levels of iodine intake were found in the group under study, but the individual variability was important; 2) goitrous schoolchildren showed an iodine intake lower than normal and 3) the important variability observed in the evaluated data, the assessed relation between goiter and lower iodine intake, and the high frequency of insufficient iodine intake should justify a better control of iodoprophylaxis and a more widespread information dissemination among the population and perhaps iodine supplements in specific groups.
为评估5至14岁学龄儿童的每日碘摄入量，我们检测了134名学龄儿童晨尿样本中的尿碘排泄量。根据乔林（Jolin）和埃斯科瓦尔·德尔·雷伊（Escobar del Rey）的公式，将该值校正为微克/24小时。两位专家检查员按照世界卫生组织标准评估甲状腺大小。两位检查员的评估结果一致对于确诊甲状腺肿必不可少。我们评估了134名学龄儿童（117名正常儿童和17名甲状腺肿儿童）的尿样。正常儿童的尿碘排泄平均值为140.04±86.28微克/24小时，甲状腺肿儿童为98.24±47.91微克/24小时，二者存在显著差异（p<0.005）。当尿碘排泄量大于150微克/24小时时，甲状腺肿患病率显著降低（p<0.05）。不同社会经济群体的尿碘排泄平均值相似。在评估两个最常见食盐品牌的消费群体时未发现显著差异。总之，1）通过尿碘排泄评估碘预防效果，这是估计碘摄入量的有效方法。研究组的碘摄入量平均水平可接受，但个体差异较大；2）甲状腺肿学龄儿童的碘摄入量低于正常水平；3）评估数据中观察到的显著差异、甲状腺肿与低碘摄入量之间的评估关系以及碘摄入不足的高频率情况，都说明应更好地控制碘预防措施，并在人群中更广泛地传播相关信息，或许还应对特定群体补充碘剂。
