Preti A
CMG, Psychiatry branch, Cagliari, Italy.
J Affect Disord. 1997 Jul;44(2-3):123-30. doi: 10.1016/s0165-0327(97)00035-9.
The seasonal variance of suicides and attempted suicides in Italy from 1974 to 1994 has been studied to determine the extent and the nature of the seasonal influence on suicidal behaviour. The relationship between some climatic factors and suicide and attempted suicide rates has also been analyzed. A significant effect of seasonal change on suicidal behavior, with a clear peak in spring has been detected (ANOVA: df = 3/248, F = 5.875, p = 0.0007 for suicide; df = 3/248, F = 6.198, p = 0.0004 for attempted suicide), with a greater seasonal effect on males than females. The monthly distribution of suicide deaths and of attempted suicides follows a significant direct relationship with exposure to sun, and an inverse relationship with rainfall levels. So, one of the possible explanations for the effect of seasonal change on suicidal behaviour could be the changing seasonal climate. The complex influence of seasonal climate on human biological rhythms, particularly on 5-HT (serotonin) related functions, together with its effects on sociorelational habits, should be considered for suicide prevention.
对1974年至1994年意大利自杀和自杀未遂的季节性差异进行了研究，以确定季节对自杀行为影响的程度和性质。还分析了一些气候因素与自杀率和自杀未遂率之间的关系。已检测到季节变化对自杀行为有显著影响，春季有明显高峰（方差分析：自杀：自由度=3/248，F=5.875，p=0.0007；自杀未遂：自由度=3/248，F=6.198，p=0.0004），季节对男性的影响大于女性。自杀死亡和自杀未遂的月度分布与日照时间呈显著正相关，与降雨量呈负相关。因此，季节变化对自杀行为产生影响的一种可能解释可能是季节性气候的变化。在预防自杀时，应考虑季节性气候对人类生物节律的复杂影响，特别是对与5-羟色胺（血清素）相关功能的影响，以及其对社会关系习惯的影响。
