Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Centro de Pesquisas Clínicas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Innovations and Interventions for Quality of Life Research Group (I-QoL), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Centro de Pesquisas Clínicas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Innovations and Interventions for Quality of Life Research Group (I-QoL), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Trends Psychiatry Psychother. 2022 May 3;44:e20210202. doi: 10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0202.
Suicide is the cause of death of almost 800 thousand people worldwide every year. In Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul is one of the states with the highest suicide rates. This study aimed to assess whether there is a significant monthly time pattern of suicide in Rio Grande do Sul, by gender and age ranges, and whether suicide characteristics in the state are coherent with findings from previous studies.
All data were collected from official secondary sources maintained by the national Brazilian and Rio Grande do Sul governments, covering a period from 2015 to 2019. Data included suicide deaths and population, divided by gender and age range. Sum totals, frequencies, odds ratios, and time series analyses were performed.
From 2015 to 2019, 6,287 people committed suicide in Rio Grande do Sul. Most of them were men and the most prevalent age band was from 50 to 59 years old. Men had higher suicide rates then women in all age ranges (p < 0.001) and in all months of the year, with an approximately 4-fold higher risk of committing suicide when compared to women. Men had a trending peak of suicide in January and December (p < 0.001), whereas women's suicide rates peaked in March and December (p = 0.001).
There are monthly time trends and seasonal patterns of suicide rates in Rio Grande do Sul, varying by gender and age range. Gender differences occurred mainly in the first three months of the year, and the age pattern was more evident among individuals aged 60 years or older.
自杀是导致全球每年近 80 万人死亡的主要原因。在巴西，南里奥格兰德州是自杀率最高的州之一。本研究旨在评估南里奥格兰德州的自杀是否存在显著的月度时间模式，包括性别和年龄范围，并确定该州的自杀特征是否与之前的研究结果一致。
所有数据均来自巴西和南里奥格兰德州政府的官方二级来源，涵盖 2015 年至 2019 年的时间段。数据包括按性别和年龄范围划分的自杀死亡人数和人口。进行了总和、频率、优势比和时间序列分析。
2015 年至 2019 年，南里奥格兰德州有 6287 人自杀。他们大多是男性，最常见的年龄组是 50 至 59 岁。在所有年龄段，男性的自杀率都高于女性（p < 0.001），并且在一年中的所有月份，男性自杀的风险比女性高约 4 倍。男性的自杀率在 1 月和 12 月呈上升趋势（p < 0.001），而女性的自杀率在 3 月和 12 月达到峰值（p = 0.001）。
南里奥格兰德州的自杀率存在月度时间趋势和季节性模式，性别和年龄范围不同。性别差异主要发生在年初的前三个月，年龄模式在 60 岁及以上的人群中更为明显。
