Vadalà G, Mollo M, Roberto S, Fea A
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Torino, Italy.
Eur J Ophthalmol. 1997 Apr-Jun;7(2):174-80. doi: 10.1177/112067219700700210.
Among all sports, the so-called "contact sports" are those in which the athlete's eye is particularly at risk. In boxing, where the face is the main target, the eye is clearly one of the most exposed parts. To assess the eye risks in this sport a study was carried out between 1992 and 1994 at the Ophthalmological Clinic of the university of Turin, Italy, involving 75 active and ex-boxers (amateurs and professionals) aged 15 to 70 years. Biomicroscopic examinations, refraction and acuity tests, tonometry, exophthalmometry, gonioscopy, ocular fundus examination with Goldmann three-mirror lens) were done. The results of the survey confirm the existence of alterations, generally asymptomatic, both in amateur and professional boxers. The eye examination showed alterations of structures such as the orbital arch, conjunctiva, iris, lens, retina. Four boxers had retinal detachment, three of them due to boxing. The opthalmologist has an important part to play in preventing serious damage to the eye and in checking alterations which might be an expression of subtle neural damage (pupillary alterations).
在所有体育运动中，所谓的“接触性运动”是指运动员眼睛特别容易受伤的运动。在拳击运动中，面部是主要攻击目标，眼睛显然是最易暴露的部位之一。为评估这项运动中的眼部风险，1992年至1994年期间在意大利都灵大学眼科诊所进行了一项研究，涉及75名年龄在15至70岁之间的现役和退役拳击手（业余和职业选手）。进行了生物显微镜检查、验光和视力测试、眼压测量、眼球突出度测量、前房角镜检查、用戈德曼三面镜进行眼底检查。调查结果证实，无论是业余拳击手还是职业拳击手，都存在通常无症状的眼部结构改变。眼部检查显示眼眶弓、结膜、虹膜、晶状体、视网膜等结构发生改变。四名拳击手发生视网膜脱离，其中三人是因拳击所致。眼科医生在预防眼睛严重损伤以及检查可能是轻微神经损伤表现的改变（瞳孔改变）方面起着重要作用。
