George S, Braithwaite R A
Regional Laboratory for Toxicology, City Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK.
Ann Clin Biochem. 1997 Jul;34 ( Pt 4):375-83. doi: 10.1177/000456329703400407.
Several techniques have been described for the determination of morphine in hair as a method of monitoring past heroin use. However, although some of the techniques [notably radioimmunoassay (RIA)] may appear relatively simple to perform, any results obtained must be interpreted with caution. In this study, hair specimens from four known heroin abusers were sectionally analysed by a specific RIA for morphine. Prior to analysis, all hair sections were cleaned to remove any possible surface contamination. Five different hair digestion procedures were evaluated to determine the most effective method that could be used to liberate morphine from hair. The greatest analytical recovery was obtained by incubation with 1.0 M sodium hydroxide for 18 h at 55 degrees C, neutralization with 1.0 M hydrochloric acid, and pH adjustment with 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). The morphine concentrations detected in the hair specimens ranged from 0.5 to 13.2 ng/mg of hair. It was also found that the use of shorter length segments (e.g. 1 cm length) gave a clearer, more detailed picture of the historic pattern of heroin use in the four subjects studied.
已经描述了几种用于测定头发中吗啡的技术，以此作为监测过去海洛因使用情况的一种方法。然而，尽管其中一些技术[尤其是放射免疫分析（RIA）]可能看起来操作相对简单，但对获得的任何结果都必须谨慎解释。在本研究中，通过一种特定的吗啡放射免疫分析法对四名已知海洛因滥用者的头发样本进行了分段分析。在分析之前，对所有头发段进行清洁以去除任何可能的表面污染。评估了五种不同的头发消化程序，以确定可用于从头发中释放吗啡的最有效方法。通过在55℃下与1.0 M氢氧化钠孵育18小时、用1.0 M盐酸中和并用0.1 M磷酸盐缓冲液（pH 7.0）调节pH，获得了最大的分析回收率。在头发样本中检测到的吗啡浓度范围为0.5至13.2 ng/mg头发。还发现，使用较短长度的片段（例如1厘米长）能更清晰、更详细地呈现所研究的四名受试者过去的海洛因使用模式。
